Multi-Omics Analysis of Lipid Metabolism for a Marine Probiotic Meyerozyma guilliermondii GXDK6 Under High NaCl Stress

Abstract

Investigating microbial lipid regulation contributes to understanding the lipid-dependent signal transduction process of cells and helps to improve the sensitivity of microorganisms to environmental factors by interfering with lipid metabolism, thus beneficial for constructing advanced cell factories of novel molecular drugs. Integrated omics technology was used to systematically reveal the lipid metabolism mechanism of a marine Meyerozyma guilliermondii GXDK6 under high NaCl stress and test the sensitivity of GXDK6 to antibiotics when its lipid metabolism transformed. The omics data showed that when GXDK6 perceived 10% NaCl stress, the expression of AYR1 and NADPH-dependent 1-acyldihydroxyacetone phosphate reductase was inhibited, which weaken the budding and proliferation of cell membranes. This finding was further validated by decreased 64.39% of OD600 under 10% NaCl stress when compared with salt-free stress. In addition, salt stress promoted a large intracellular accumulation of glycerol, which was also verified by exogenous addition of glycerol. Moreover, NaCl stress remarkably inhibited the expression of drug target proteins (such as lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase), thereby increasing sensitivity to fluconazole. This study provided new insights into the molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism in Meyerozyma guilliermondii strain and contributed to developing new methods to improve the effectiveness of killing fungi with lower antibiotics.

Safety assessment of a novel marine multi-stress-tolerant yeast Meyerozyma guilliermondii GXDK6 according to phenotype and whole genome-sequencing analysis

“…According to FAO (2002), the criteria for a probiotic yeast are as follows: able to survive in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT; viability at 36-38 °C and resistance to gastric acid, bile salt, and digestive enzymes), considered safe when administered (including the absence of hemolytic and mucolytic activities and susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs), and beneficial to humans (aggregate and adhere to epithelial cells, protect against infection, or able to co-aggregate) [21] . M. guilliermondii showed probiotic potential, tallying with the industrial requirements and technological properties, without any adverse effects on the taste or aroma of food products [22] . It should be corresponding to the criteria with consumer acceptance of its probiotic food product [23] .…”

Regulatory mechanisms of dopamine metabolism in a marine Meyerozyma guilliermondii GXDK6 under NaCl stress as revealed by integrative multi-omics analysis

“…Sequencing of the extracted proteins was conducted using a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics [ 20 ]. Proteins with FC > 1.2 and p-value (Student's t-test) < 0.05 were considered to be differentially expressed proteins (Detailed methods were described in Sun et al [ 21 ]).…”