Multi-objective optimization of thermal performance of packed bed latent heat thermal storage system based on response surface method

Owing to the lively nature, children often use a variety of non-standard sitting postures when riding school buses. Current restraint systems in school buses and traditional airbags cannot effectively protect the child occupants with the non-standard sitting postures in frontal collisions. A prototype design of a new continuously inflated airbag is proposed to increase the safety of child occupants. The aim of this study is to determine the injury thresholds of 12-year-old children using the dimensional analysis method, and under the eight mixed conditions, to propose an optimal design of a continuously inflated airbag. First, a simulation model of the restraint system is developed and validated by the experimental test conducted according to ECE R80/GB24406. Then, a coupling model of the restraint system and continuously inflated airbag is built. Second, a standard and three non-standard sitting postures of 12-year-old child occupants and the two crash pulses of school buses are combined to form the eight mixed conditions. Finally, the main design parameters of the continuously inflated airbag are optimized using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III and entropy weight method. A continuously inflated airbag with the optimal configuration can significantly reduce the injuries to the 12-year-old child occupants. Under the original crash pulse, the optimized airbag can provide the best protections for the occupant head under the forward-leaning sitting posture and the occupant femurs under the slouched sitting posture, respectively. Under the higher-speed crash pulse, the protective effect on the occupant head under the standard sitting posture is better than that under the right-leaning sitting posture.

show abstract

“…The constructed surrogate models have high accuracy and can replace the simulation model to carry out the subsequent optimal design. 51…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal design of continuously inflated airbag for 12-year-old child occupants with various sitting postures

Hong

Liu

Ruhai

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The F value compares the mean square of each item with the residual error to test the accuracy of the model, and the P value is taken to evaluate whether the experiment is significant. If the value of P is less than 0.05, it proves that the data is available (Gao et al 2020). Besides, Adeq Precision is the signal-to-noise ratio, and a ratio greater than 4 is desirable.…”

Section: Quadratic Regression Equation Model and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To explore the influence of inner channels on performance parameters, response surface methodology is applied to obtain the interaction among factors to optimize performance parameters (Gao et al 2020). In the practical application process, high efficiency and low pressure drop are considered in the separator.…”

Section: Design Of Response Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and Assessment of the Comprehensive Performance of an Axial Separator by Response Surface Methodology

2023

JAFM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The separator with inner channels is designed to solve the inefficiency caused by particle collisions with the wall. Then the response surface methodology is used to optimize this novel separator with the aim of maximizing the separation efficiency and exhaust rate while minimizing the pressure drop simultaneously. Firstly, the Reynolds Stress model and the Euler-Euler model are taken to compare the novel and conventional structures. Secondly, five factors, including inlet velocity (v) of air-particle flow, number of inner channels, axial angle of inner channels, height of inner channels, and number of guide vanes, are selected in the Box-Behnken Design. Thirdly, the quadratic regression equations are established in multi-objective optimization. The research results demonstrate that separation efficiency is improved but the pressure drop is increased in the novel design. Additionally, too large inner channels can lead to a decrease in separation efficiency. The increased height of the inner channels has the most positive impact on the exhaust rate. And the optimization amplitude of the pressure drop is the most remarkable, which is presented as 13.87% at v = 2.5 m/s, 34.49% at v = 4.5 m/s, and 75.49% at v = 6.5 m/s, respectively. Furthermore, the separation efficiency of optimized designs is higher than that of conventional ones at each velocity. The relevant research results can provide an effective guide for improving the efficiency of separators.

show abstract

“…In recent years, many optimization methods were developed and generally can be divided into parameter analysis and mathematical algorithm [6]. The parameters affecting the thermodynamic performance of the packed bed humidifier were highlighted in detail by Xu [5], and many remarkable results were found according to the univariate optimization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing Surrogate Model to Predict the Optimal Thermodynamic and Economic Performance of a Packed Bed Humidifier via Multi-Objective Optimization

Chen

Han

et al. 2021

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, to optimize the thermodynamic and economic performance of a packed bed humidifier, a multi-objective optimization combined response surface method with a genetic algorithm is employed. The critical parameters, including geometric and thermodynamic parameters, are designated as the impact factors, and the objective functions contain unit humidification capacity of volume and unit humidification capacity of cost in a Box–Behnken design. The results of the analysis of variance demonstrated that the quadratic regression models of objectives are reliable and robust. It is found that the liquid–gas ratio, the interaction of the liquid–gas ratio, and inlet water temperature are simultaneously the strongest influence factors for the thermodynamic and economic indicators among the independent and interactive parameters. In addition, the optimal parameter group is found out through a genetic algorithm, and the actual optimal results are obtained as 0.11 kgs−1m−3 for thermodynamic performance and 15.86 kg$−1 for economic performance. Furthermore, it is shown that the thermodynamic performance improves by 56% and the economic performance increases by 6.55%, compared with optimum experimental design points. During the optimization design process, the computational time to find the optimal values reduces from 69,000 s with previous mathematical models to 10 s with established regression models. Additionally, a series of Pareto-optimal points for possible best thermodynamic and economic performance give the reference for the designers of packed bed humidifiers.

show abstract

Multi-objective optimization of thermal performance of packed bed latent heat thermal storage system based on response surface method

Cited by 48 publications

References 26 publications

Optimal design of continuously inflated airbag for 12-year-old child occupants with various sitting postures

Optimal design of continuously inflated airbag for 12-year-old child occupants with various sitting postures

Optimization and Assessment of the Comprehensive Performance of an Axial Separator by Response Surface Methodology

Establishing Surrogate Model to Predict the Optimal Thermodynamic and Economic Performance of a Packed Bed Humidifier via Multi-Objective Optimization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About