Multi-objective Optimization for the Management of the Response to the Electrical Demand in Commercial Users

Optimum Stochastic Allocation for Demand Response for Power Markets in Microgrids

“…For this reason, it is vital to analyze each instance separately. Consumers raise their demand as long as the economic and non-economic benefits acquired surpass the cost of power, resulting in a weak elasticity of electricity demand [20,25] as a distinctive market characteristic related to consumer necessities.…”

“…From a technical perspective, electricity markets have been studied for distributed generation [19,20], where the topic is addressed, taking no consideration of the environment or a transition from conventional generation to distributed generation. There is also the case of [21,22] in which demand response is included for the establishment of an electricity market but is only interested in how to charge prices to the consumer and not answering the question of the assignment of energy resources.…”

Estimated cost of electricity with time horizon for micro grids based on the policy response of demand for real price of energy

“…For this purpose, an average power representing the energy consumption in one hour is determined. With the hourly historical data, at the time The customer's The average power factor is calculated by relating the average power and the maximum power (Caracterización de la Carga en Sistemas Eléctricos de Distribución, n.d.;Grainger & Stevenson, 1996; E. M. ; E. M. García Torres, Águila, Isaac, González, & López, 2016; E. M. ; E. M. García Torres & Isaac, 2017;Guerrón, García Torres, & Montero, 2014;Meza Cartagena & García Torres, 2018), as shown in equation 17. 17Where:…”

“…(Espinoza et al, 2016). In order to reduce the above-mentioned problems, different methodologies are presented among them: Intelligent Networks (IR), Distributed Generation (DG), Demand Response (DR), all summarized in Intelligent Networks, which unify traditional Electric Power Systems (SEP) with Telecommunications, thus achieving dynamic and efficient management of generation and loads (Jáuregui Méndez & García Torres, 2018) (Energía y Sociedad, 2010;Espinoza et al, 2016) (E. M. García Torres & Isaac, 2017) (Espinoza et al, 2016;Pereira, 2014a). It is important to involve users in demand response (DR) programs which act upon a growth in demand, this can be of two types: i) with the increase in demand, the SEPs are strengthened in all their stages, building new generation plants, transmission lines and distribution networks, ii) the demand of the system is reduced in certain periods, through incentives, trying to reduce consumption in the critical periods of maximum demand or when the reserves are minimum (Rahiman, Zeineldin, Khadkikar, Kennedy & Pandi, 2014;Yu & Hong, 2016) (García Torres, E. & I.saac, 2016;Moreno & García Torres, 2016).…”