Multi‐Mode/Signal Biosensors: Electrochemical Integrated Sensing Techniques

Abstract

Electrochemical (EC) analysis has emerged as a high‐sensitivity, reliable, cost‐effective, and rapidly evolving technique that has garnered significant attention across diverse domains. Furthermore, EC‐based techniques hold great potential for miniaturization and integration. The integration of EC techniques with diverse mode/signal (such as light, magnetic, and thermal signals, etc.) provides unique opportunities for biosensors to acquire more information through a single sensing platform. By coupling multiple signals or processing them logically, the detection accuracy can be further improved, and the probability of false positives or negatives can be minimized. In this review, a thorough analysis of multi‐ mode/signal sensors in the field of EC sensing is conducted, along with their integration with various sensing techniques (e.g., fluorescence, photothermal, colorimetry, microfluidic, etc.). The aim is to delve into the latest advances, potential applications, as well as challenges in multi‐mode/signal biosensors, where the utilization of multiple sensing modalities helps enhance accuracy, sensitivity, and selectivity. This review provides new insight into the synergistic effects of integrating EC sensing with other techniques, aiming to shed light on the near‐future developments in EC‐integrated multi‐mode/signal biosensors.