Multi-method characterisation of natural organic matter isolated from water: characterisation of reverse osmosis-isolates from water of two semi-identical dystrophic lakes basins in Norway

Gjessing, Egil T.; Alberts, James J.; Bruchet, A.; Egeberg, Per Kristian; Lydersen, Espen; McGown, Linda B.; Mobed, Jarafshan J.; Münster, U.; Pempkowiak, Janusz; Perdue, Mike; Ratnawerra, Harsha; Rybacki, Danielle; Takács, Monika; Abbt‐Braun, Gudrun

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(98)00060-8

Cited by 73 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…XAD resins can be used to concentrate DBPs in drinking waters for mutagenicity testing because a water matrix is not required. RO membranes have been used previously to concentrate NOM (Gjessing et al 1998;Odegaard and Koottatep 1982;Serkiz and Perdue 1990;Sun et al 1995). Larger quantities of water can be concentrated more quickly by RO membranes than by XAD techniques.…”

Section: Concentration By Reverse Osmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a research strategy for integrated technology-based toxicological and chemical evaluation of complex mixtures of drinking water disinfection byproducts.

Simmons

Richardson

Speth

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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Chemical disinfection of water is a major public health triumph of the 20th century. Dramatic decreases in both morbidity and mortality of waterborne diseases are a direct result of water disinfection. With these important public health benefits comes low-level, chronic exposure to a very large number of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), chemicals formed through reaction of the chemical disinfectant with naturally occurring inorganic and organic material in the source water. This article provides an overview of joint research planning by scientists residing within the various organizations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development. The purpose is to address concerns related to potential health effects from exposure to DBPs that cannot be addressed directly from toxicological studies of individual DBPs or simple DBP mixtures. Two factors motivate the need for such an investigation of complex mixtures of DBPs: a) a significant amount of the material that makes up the total organic halide and total organic carbon portions of the DBPs has not been identified; and b) epidemiologic data, although not conclusive, are suggestive of potential developmental, reproductive, or carcinogenic health effects in humans exposed to DBPs. The plan is being developed and the experiments necessary to determine the feasibility of its implementation are being

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Section: Concentration By Reverse Osmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a research strategy for integrated technology-based toxicological and chemical evaluation of complex mixtures of drinking water disinfection byproducts.

Simmons

Richardson

Speth

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Due to the extremely low abundance (ca. 5 mg/L) and complex composition of DOM in natural water (Gjessing et al, 1998), its biogeochemical properties and cycling are poorly constrained (Mopper et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositions and constituents of freshwater dissolved organic matter isolated by reverse osmosis

Huang

Ran

Mao

2014

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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a b s t r a c tDissolved organic matter (DOM) from riverine and lacustrine water was isolated using a reverse osmosis (RO) system. Solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C NMR) was used to quantitatively evaluate the compositions and constituents of DOM, which are compared with previous investigations on marine DOM. Results indicated that concentration factor (CF) was a key metric controlling yield and sorption of DOM on the RO system. The sorption was likely non-selective, based on the 13 C NMR and d 13 C analyses. Carbohydrates and lipids accounted for 25.0-41.5% and 30.2-46.3% of the identifiable DOM, followed by proteins (18.2-19.8%) and lignin (7.17-12.8%). The freshwater DOM contained much higher alkyl and aromatic C but lower alkoxyl and carboxyl C than marine DOM. The structural difference was not completely accounted for by using structure of high molecular weight (HMW) DOM, suggesting a size change involved in transformations of DOM during the transport from rivers to oceans.

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“…and XAD-4 resins have been used to determine the humic/nonhumic distributions of DOM. In recent years, high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) with DOC and or UV-Visible detection has become a popular technique for characterization of DOM based on its physical properties (molecular weight distribution) and for evaluation of water treatment processes (Allpike et al, 2005;Bolto et al, 2001;Chin et al, 1994;Chow et al, 1999;Gjessing et al, 1998;Her et al, 2008;van Leeuwen et al, 2002;Vuorio et al, 1998). However, the apparent molecular weight (AMW) distribution profile of DOM with overlapped peaks can only provide qualitative information by comparing the profiles of different raw waters or waters before and after certain treatment processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH modeling for maximum dissolved organic matter removal by enhanced coagulation

Xie

Wang

Leeuwen

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Correlations between raw water characteristics and pH after enhanced coagulation to maximize dissolved organic matter (DOM) removal using four typical coagulants (FeCl 3 , Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and high performance polyaluminum chloride (HPAC)) without pH control were investigated. These correlations were analyzed on the basis of the raw water quality and the chemical and physical fractionations of DOM of thirteen Chinese source waters over three seasons. It was found that the final pH after enhanced coagulation for each of the four coagulants was influenced by the content of removable DOM (i.e. hydrophobic and higher apparent molecular weight (AMW) DOM), the alkalinity and the initial pH of raw water. A set of feed-forward semi-empirical models relating the final pH after enhanced coagulation for each of the four coagulants with the raw water characteristics were developed and optimized based on correlation analysis. The established models were preliminarily validated for prediction purposes, and it was found that the deviation between the predicted data and actual data was low. This result demonstrated the potential for the application of these models in practical operation of drinking water treatment plants.

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Multi-method characterisation of natural organic matter isolated from water: characterisation of reverse osmosis-isolates from water of two semi-identical dystrophic lakes basins in Norway

Cited by 73 publications

References 20 publications

Development of a research strategy for integrated technology-based toxicological and chemical evaluation of complex mixtures of drinking water disinfection byproducts.

Development of a research strategy for integrated technology-based toxicological and chemical evaluation of complex mixtures of drinking water disinfection byproducts.

Compositions and constituents of freshwater dissolved organic matter isolated by reverse osmosis

pH modeling for maximum dissolved organic matter removal by enhanced coagulation

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