“…Such frameworks have been recently introduced based on well-known algorithms, such as spectral clustering and local tangent space estimation (Wang et al, 2010(Wang et al, , 2011Gong et al, 2012), LLE (Hettiarachchi and Peters, 2015), ISOMAP (Fan et al, 2012;Yang et al, 2016;Li et al, 2017;Mahapatra and Chandola, 2017) and local PCA (Arias-Castro et al, 2017). Other approaches use less classical techniques such as tensor voting (Mordohai and Medioni, 2010;Medioni, 2015, 2016), variational autoencoders (Ye and Zhao, 2019), or multi-agent flow (Shen and Han, 2016).…”