Multi-level memory-switching properties of a single brain microtubule

Abstract

We demonstrate that a single brain-neuron-extracted microtubule is a memory-switching element, whose hysteresis loss is nearly zero. Our study shows how a memory-state forms in the nanowire and how its protein arrangement symmetry is related to the conducting-state written in the device, thus, enabling it to store and process ∼500 distinct bits, with 2 pA resolution between 1 nA and 1 pA. Its random access memory is an analogue of flash memory switch used in a computer chip. Using scanning tunneling microscope imaging, we demonstrate how single proteins behave inside the nanowire when this 3.5 billion years old nanowire processes memory-bits.

Seeing Cell Biology with the Eyes of Physics

“…These findings suggest that microtubuli can be conceived as an intracellular bioelectronic circuit. Consonant with this view is the evidence for the emission of high-frequency electric fields with radiation characteristics from microbuli [12] and even the detection of multi-level memory-switching properties at the level of a single brain microtubule [13]. Moreover, the hollow fibers of microtubuli have been shown to be filled by uniquely arranged water molecules [14][15][16][17].…”

The Complex Quantum-State of Consciousness

“…in megahertz as suggested by Sahu et al, 2013. Megahertz mechanical vibrations is ultrasound, and brief, low intensity (sub-thermal) ultrasound administered through the skull to the brain modulates electrophysiology, behaviour and affect, e.g.…”

Mechanical Models of Microtubules

“…Each dimer is an electric dipole whose mass and length are m ¼ 1:8 Â 10 À22 kg and l ¼ 8 nm, respectively [5]. The component of its electric dipole moment in the direction of PF is p ¼ 337Debye ¼ 1:13 Â 10 -27 Cm [6].…”