Multi-level drivers of tobacco use and purchasing behaviors during COVID-19 “lockdown”: A qualitative study in the United States

Giovenco, Daniel P.; Spillane, Torra E.; Maggi, R; Lee, Esther Y.; Philbin, Morgan M.

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103175

Cited by 54 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We did not come across any study on the refugee population globally to compare our findings. However, our study’s finding confirms prior research on adult tobacco users in the United States, suggesting that adults with little interpersonal communication tended to consume less tobacco products [ 55 ]. The potential reasons for a lower chance of tobacco use among older adults from the Rohingya refugee camps were that coronavirus-related lockdown measures might limit Rohingyas’ movement and frequency of interpersonal communication with moderate or heavy smokers [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Perceived Change in Tobacco Use and Its Associated Factors among Older Adults Residing in Rohingya Refugee Camps during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh

Mistry

Ali

Yadav

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This study explored the perceived change in tobacco use during the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among older adults residing in Rohingya refugee camps, also referred to as Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals in Bangladesh. The study followed a cross-sectional design and was conducted in October 2020 among 416 older adults aged 60 years and above. A purposive sampling technique was applied to identify eligible participants, and face-to-face interviews were conducted using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to collect the data. Participants were asked if they noted any change in their tobacco use patterns (smoking or smokeless tobacco) during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. Binary logistic regression models determined the factors associated with the perceived change in tobacco use. More than one in five participants (22.4%) were current tobacco users, of whom 40.8% reported a perceived increase in tobacco use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adjusted analysis revealed that participants who were concerned about COVID-19 had significantly (p < 0.05) lower odds of perceived increase in tobacco use (aOR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06–0.73), while older adults who were overwhelmed by COVID-19 (aOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.06–1.18) and communicated less frequently with others during the pandemic than before (aOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.03–1.20) had marginally significantly (p < 0.1) lower odds of perceived increase in tobacco use during this pandemic. Relevant stakeholders, policymakers, and practitioners need to focus on strengthening awareness-raising initiatives as part of an emergency preparedness plan to control tobacco use during such a crisis period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Perceived Change in Tobacco Use and Its Associated Factors among Older Adults Residing in Rohingya Refugee Camps during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh

Mistry

Ali

Yadav

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Prior research has also documented both increased and decreased smoking during the pandemic [9,10,12], with people reporting a variety of reasons for changes in their smoking, such as disrupted schedules and social situations [12,[14][15][16], financial and logistical constraints [12,15,16], and stress [12,[14][15][16]. While health concerns of smoking and COVID-19 contributed to decreased smoking [12,[14][15][16], other factors were also influential. Other studies using the HBM to predict behavior and behavioral intentions during the pandemic [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] have also produced mixed results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perceived stress from the pandemic was significantly associated with both increased smoking and decreased smoking. Prior research has also documented both increased and decreased smoking during the pandemic [ 9 , 10 , 12 ], with people reporting a variety of reasons for changes in their smoking, such as disrupted schedules and social situations [ 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], financial and logistical constraints [ 12 , 15 , 16 ], and stress [ 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. While health concerns of smoking and COVID-19 contributed to decreased smoking [ 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], other factors were also influential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from the Nielsen National Consumer Panel, representative of U.S. consumers, showed a 13.2% increase in tobacco sales during 1 April–30 June 2020, compared to the same dates in 2019 [ 13 ]. Across adults of varying ages in the U.S. and Belgium, the reported reasons for decreasing smoking include spending more time around one’s children [ 14 ], spending less time in social situations that promote smoking [ 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], difficulty obtaining or affording cigarettes [ 12 , 15 , 16 ], and health concerns [ 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. The reported reasons for increased smoking include increased stress [ 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], boredom [ 10 , 12 , 14 , 15 ], less social support for quitting smoking [ 15 ], and having greater flexibility in one’s schedule [ 14 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived Susceptibility to and Seriousness of COVID-19: Associations of Risk Perceptions with Changes in Smoking Behavior

Vogel

Henriksen

Schleicher

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have documented increased and decreased cigarette smoking among adults. Individual differences in the perceived susceptibility and seriousness of the virus, for people who smoke in general and for oneself personally, may relate to changes in smoking. Using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a theoretical framework, we examined associations with self-reported increasing and decreasing smoking a lot during the COVID-19 stay-at-home period. Adults in 30 large U.S. cities who smoked cigarettes daily completed an online survey between 14 July and 30 November 2020. The analytic sample (N = 2768) was 54.0% male and 68.3% white with 23.7% reporting increasing and 11.3% decreasing smoking (6% reported both). Younger age, a diagnosis of COVID-19, and greater pandemic-related stress were associated with greater odds of both increased and decreased smoking. Increased smoking also was associated with heavier nicotine dependence, greater desire to quit, and greater perceived susceptibility and lower perceived seriousness of COVID-19 for people who smoke, while pandemic-related job-loss, lower nicotine dependence, and greater self-efficacy were associated with decreased smoking. Among respondents who had not contracted COVID-19 (n = 2418), correlates were similar with the addition of greater perceived personal susceptibility to COVID-19 associated with both increased and decreased smoking, while greater perceived personal seriousness of COVID-19 was associated with increased smoking. Findings for risk perceptions were largely in directions that contradict the HBM. Circumstances surrounding behavior change during the pandemic are complex and may be especially complex for nicotine addiction.

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“…Previous studies have reported that social isolation during COVID-19 generally had an unfavorable impact on health status and behaviors; however, it also motivated individuals to take self-guided actions to improve their health. Although changes in health status and health behavior are complex and multifaceted, these previous studies have focused on specific populations [ 4 , 18 ], extreme circumstances such as lockdown or disasters [ 3 , 5 , 12 , 14 , 15 ], and certain health conditions and health behaviors [ 6 , 10 , 11 , 13 , 17 ]. Therefore, in the ongoing COVID-19 situation, it was difficult to understand the overall changes in health status and behavior caused by the restriction of physical activity and mental stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Health Status and Behaviors of Adults in Korea: National Cross-sectional Web-Based Self-report Survey

Kang¹,

Lee²,

Sohn³

et al. 2021

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has radically shifted living practices, thereby influencing changes in the health status and behaviors of every person. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the self-reported health status and health behaviors along with any associated factors in adults in the Republic of Korea wherein no stringent lockdown measures were implemented during the pandemic. Methods We conducted a web-based self-reported survey from November 2020 to December 2020. The study participants (N=2097) were identified through quota sampling by age, sex, and geographical regions among residents aged 19 years or older in Korea. The survey collected information on basic demographics, changes in self-reported health status, and health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-reported health status and health behaviors were categorized into 3 groups: unchanged, improved, or worsened. A chi-square test and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results With regard to changes in the self-reported health status, the majority (1478/2097, 70.5%) of the participants reported that their health was unchanged, while 20% (420/2097) of the participants reported having worser health after the COVID-19 outbreak. With regard to changes in health behaviors, the proportion of participants who increased tobacco consumption was similar to that of those who decreased tobacco consumption (110/545, 20.2% vs 106/545, 19.5%, respectively), while the proportion of those who decreased their drinking frequency was more than twice as many as those who increased their drinking frequency (578/1603, 36.1% vs 270/1603, 16.8%, respectively). Further, those who decreased their exercising frequency were more than those who increased their exercising frequency (333/823, 15.9% vs 211/823, 10%, respectively). The factor that had the greatest influence on lifestyle was age. In the subgroup analysis, the group aged 20-29 years had the highest number of individuals with both a worsened (100/377, 26.5%) and an improved (218/377, 15.7%) health status. Further, individuals aged 20-29 years had greater odds of increased smoking (6.44, 95% CI 2.15-19.32), increased alcohol use (4.64, 95% CI 2.60-8.28), and decreased moderate or higher intensity aerobic exercise (3.39, 95% CI 1.82-6.33) compared to individuals aged 60 years and older. Younger adults showed deteriorated health behaviors, while older adults showed improved health behaviors. Conclusions The health status and the behavior of the majority of the Koreans were not found to be heavily affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. However, in some cases, changes in health status or health behavior were identified. This study highlighted that some groups were overwhelmingly affected by COVID-19 compared to others. Certain groups reported experiencing both worsening and improving health, while other groups reported unchanged health status. Age was the most influential factor for behavior change; in particular, the younger generation’s negative health behaviors need more attention in terms of public health. As COVID-19 prolongs, public health interventions for vulnerable groups may be needed.

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Multi-level drivers of tobacco use and purchasing behaviors during COVID-19 “lockdown”: A qualitative study in the United States

Cited by 54 publications

References 27 publications

Perceived Change in Tobacco Use and Its Associated Factors among Older Adults Residing in Rohingya Refugee Camps during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh

Perceived Change in Tobacco Use and Its Associated Factors among Older Adults Residing in Rohingya Refugee Camps during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh

Perceived Susceptibility to and Seriousness of COVID-19: Associations of Risk Perceptions with Changes in Smoking Behavior

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Health Status and Behaviors of Adults in Korea: National Cross-sectional Web-Based Self-report Survey

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