Multi-Level Correlates of the Nutritional Status of Nigerian Women of Reproductive Age

Abstract

Poor nutrition compromises the capacity of women to perform their vital roles as mothers and productive workers in their families, communities and society. Using a conceptual framework developed by the United Nations Children’s Fund, this study determines individual-, household- and community-level factors associated with the nutritional status of Nigerian women of reproductive age. A secondary analysis of pooled data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) for 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018 was conducted involving 82,734 non-pregnant women aged 15–49 years. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine predictors of nutritional status. Study results show that a significant proportion of the women had poor nutritional status; the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 12.1%, 16.8% and 7.2% respectively. Statistically significant factors associated with poor nutritional status were found at all three levels, highlighting the need for effective multidimensional, multisectoral policy interventions to address the double burden of malnutrition among women in Nigeria.

The level of nutritional and health awareness among female athletes in Jordan

“…Vitamins are divided into two groups: Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and others that dissolve in Water and include (groups B and C) [11]. e. Minerals: It is considered one of the main substances for many body processes, and there are about twenty of them Calcium, iron, sodium, iodine, potassium, zinc, and others, and each one of them has a unique role, and in general they are involved in building the skeleton of the body, and they have chemical functions such as iron is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin in the blood, and it has physicochemical tasks by maintaining the osmotic and alkaline pressure and acidity of blood fluids [12]. f. Fiber: It is part of the Food we eat, but it is not absorbed and is excreted with the waste.…”

“…That's the problem with this study. It stems from the reality of nutrition in international and Arab societies as a whole, and Jordanian society in particular, which is represented by malnutrition resulting either from the lack of components and requirements of the body of various food stuffs or because of women's ignorance and lack of culture in the field of nutrition, even though what is related to the type, quantity and how to prepare and serve food of decisions and responsibility and core interests of women in her family; Therefore, this study is concerned with identifying the level of nutritional and health awareness for women and then families, and stand on the most important factors Social and economical for women related to their level of food awareness, and try to make some suggestions that will work to prepare healthy nutritional programs to educate women, based on the actual need that this study targets [12], [26], [27].…”