Multi‐level composite nanostructures based on the arrays of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes and planar graphite layers

Abstract

New composite nanostructures based on two allotropic forms of carbon, the arrays of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and planar graphite layers (PGL) located at the top of the arrays, so‐called “CNT–PGL nanostacks”, have been synthesized by the injection CVD method using xylene/ferrocene solution. Two‐ and three‐level nanostacks were demonstrated. The possible scenario of the growth mechanism of these nanostructures is proposed, that is, each level of the nanostack grows by the simultaneous PGL and CNT array formation on the surface of the catalyst particles previously covered by a graphene layer. At the upper surface of the catalyst particles, which is in direct contact with the reactive species, the graphene layer becomes an origin of PGL, and at the interface between catalyst and substrate it transforms into CNTs.

Thermal chemical vapor deposition of layered aligned carbon‐nanotube films separated by graphite layers

“…The samples were cut from different directions, and we did not find any difference. From another report and the growth process, we think that the interfacial layer is composited of graphite layers. To investigate the growth process of this structure, we reduced the time of S4 to 10 min.…”

“…Layered CNTs prepared by CVD have also been reported . In particular, Labunov et al reported that graphite layers can be synthesized between layered CNTs by the injection CVD method. Their work is very important to the study of CNT‐graphene structures.…”

Self-organised hybrid nanostructures composed of the array of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes and planar graphene multi-layer

“…The latest obtained hybrid nanostructures based on these two allotropes of carbon are nanostructures composed of an array of vertically aligned CNTs and a planar graphene multi-layer (PGL) located at the top of the CNT array (CNT-PGL nanostructure). One-level [2][3][4] and multi-level nanostructures (designated as CNT-PGL nanostacks) [5,6] have been created. Such structures possess a number of new specific properties and open a way to the creation of essentially new functional devices in the area of nanoelectronics, nanophotonics and nanoelectromechanics.…”

“…In order to produce such CNT-PGL nanostacks, exfoliated graphene oxide flakes were reduced to graphene after the adhesion of catalyst particles for the growth of CNTs. In other cases, one-level [2][3][4], as well as multi-level nanostructures [5], was synthesised by the CVD method with the localised [2] or floating [3][4][5] catalyst. However, so far, only the general description of the creation process of CNT-PGL nanostructures and their characteristics are presented.…”

Size-dependent elastic and failure properties of carbon nanotubes subjected to combined loading

“…They have consequently been proposed for use as key elements in applications such as nanometer-scale devices [1], biomedical-devices [2], and composite materials [3]. In these CNT-based applications, combined loads are widely expected to occur on the CNTs.…”