Multi-layer anodes for high-current applications

Direct Measurements of Ionic Transport Behavior of Dual-Layer Porous Electrodes

“…In the limit that σ ? k, which is consistent with experimental data of graphite anodes including the EnPower anode, 25,33 the electronic potential in the electrode becomes effectively constant (φ 1 = 0) for both upper and lower layers. Given that the ionic potential is independent of the azimuth, the model only needs to be solved in 2 dimensions, r and z.…”

“…Additional analysis of the EnPower sample was conducted by our research group and reported in another publication. 25 While the ANL and EnPower samples show unexpectedly large differences with respect to MacMullin number, in both samples the current-collector layer, which has the higher MacMullin number or tortuosity, also has higher anisotropy compared to the separator layer. Thus, internal to each sample, there appears to be a correlation between MacMullin number and anisotropy.…”

“…Additionally, a new electrode fabrication process, dry electrode technology, has obtained much attention from both researchers and electrode manufacturers, which could potentially address thickelectrode issues. 18 Another way to improve the mass transport without reducing the thickness of the electrode is to develop electrodes with gradient porosity, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] meaning the porosity of an electrode decreases from the separator to the current-collector side of the electrode. As is shown in Fig.…”

Chemical Origins of a Fast-Charge Performance in Disordered Carbon Anodes

“…This is in contrast with the performance of nC full cells, which exhibit a more stable fast-charge performance without significant degradation (green dots in Figure D). Thus, nC offers clear advantages as an anode material for fast-charge Li-ion cells, which may be used as either a standalone alternative or in combination with graphite blends in multilayer anode architectures …”

“…Thus, nC offers clear advantages as an anode material for fast-charge Liion cells, which may be used as either a standalone alternative or in combination with graphite blends in multilayer anode architectures. 61 ■ CONCLUSION This study investigated the chemical origins of the lithiation mechanism in nanocluster disordered carbon materials and compared them to state-of-the-art artificial graphite. The findings confirm that solid-state lithium transport in the anode active material remains a significant obstacle, limiting the highrate charging capabilities of Li-ion batteries, with the solid-state diffusion coefficient and the underlying physics of lithiuminduced phase separation playing a critical role.…”