MULTI INCREMENT® TCE vadose‐zone investigation

Hewitt, Alan D.; Ramsey, Charles A.; Bigl, Susan R.

doi:10.1002/rem.20196

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The vertical delineation based on the three DU layers for the two sites highlights the importance of vertical spatial variability on estimated plume size for risk assessment and management or site remediation. The strength in ISM is that there is information for each depth increment (Hewitt et al, 2008), whereas the Phase II ESA method relies on a singular concentration to represent site conditions. It is possible that the Phase II ESA process could be conducted with vertical delineation; however, that is not the current Phase II ESA guidance framework (Canadian Safety Council, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incremental sampling methodology for petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils: volume estimates and remediation strategies

Hyde

Obal

et al. 2018

Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal

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Current environmental assessments for petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contaminated sites are dependent on discrete soil sampling to estimate the degree and extent of contamination, leading to unreliable and non-reproducible results. Incremental sampling methodology (ISM) involves collecting and combining samples within a targeted area and holds promise for being a cost-effective, representative, and reproducible sampling strategy for contaminated site characterization. We hypothesized that traditional Phase II Environmental Site Assessments (ESA) discrete and ISM sampling protocols were not mutually exclusive, and the two approaches can be used to formulate a responsible land management strategy. Results gathered through ISM were compared to those from Phase II ESA for two PHC contaminated sites in Canada. Both methods indicated the sites were impacted with PHC beyond Saskatchewan Tier I guidance, however, the delineation of the PHC plume differed by as much as 75% for the heavier hydrocarbons. The Phase II ESA methods had higher incidences of false positive results and an overestimation of contamination at depth. A laboratory experiment confirmed that ISM does not "dilute" the samples as to cause underestimation, whereby the hydrocarbon concentrations for a single combined sample was equivalent to the mean of 30 discrete samples. Based on our results, sites should undergo risk assessment based on the estimates of the Phase II ESA results using vapor phase logs to estimate contaminant extent. If exposure pathways cannot be eliminated through the risk assessment process, remediation planning based on the ISM results is justified given the demonstrated cost-effectiveness, representativeness, and reproducibility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incremental sampling methodology for petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils: volume estimates and remediation strategies

Hyde

Obal

et al. 2018

Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…And they are also finding that the shortcomings some ascribe to incremental sampling really are not shortcomings. Indeed, examples exist in which the incremental sampling approach has effectively been applied to an acute risk scenario as well as to evaluating a subsurface migration pathway-two sampling scenarios that have been particularly challenging to approaches relying on discrete samples (Walsh et al, 1997;Hewitt et al, 2008).…”

Section: Does Incremental Sampling Provide Good Answers?mentioning

confidence: 99%