Multi-Heteroatom-Doped Carbon Materials for Solid-State Hybrid Supercapacitors with a Superhigh Cycling Performance

Abstract

For the purpose of assembling high-performance solid-state hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) with superior cycling stability and energy density, biomass-derived multi-heteroatom-doped carbon materials were prepared in this work and utilized as negative electrodes for the supercapacitors. The applied biomass in this study included orange peel and egg white; besides, we also prepared Ag-doped egg white as a precursor through a denaturation reaction to synthesize a Ag-nanoparticle-decorated carbon material; the consequently obtained carbon materials were referred to as OC, EC, and Ag–EC, respectively. The as-synthesized heteroatom-doped carbon materials displayed excellent electrochemical performance. The specific capacitance retentions were 101.7, 105.4, and 107.4% for OC, EC, and Ag–EC, respectively, after 50 000 cycles. In addition, a core–shell structured C/N–CoO@CoO/NiO nanomaterial was also synthesized and used as the positive electrode, which exhibited a high cycling stability of 111.6% after cycling for 50 000 times. The three corresponding solid-state hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) possessed excellent energy densities of 33.1, 30.1, and 35.6 Wh kg–1 at about 850.0 W kg–1, respectively. After cycling for 50 000 times, their specific capacitance retentions were 145.9, 139.2, and 140.0%, respectively.

Simple Preparation of Porous FeCo2O4 Microspheres and Nanosheets for Advanced Asymmetric Supercapacitors

“…Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) with features of good chemical stability, high power density, fast reversibility, and sensitive conductivity have been applied in many fields such as spare power supply of random memory, hybrid electric vehicles, small electronic components, portable mobile equipment, and so on. − However, as the fossil fuels are approaching exhaustion and the environment is becoming worse, the utilization of renewable energy resources is increasing daily. The traditional EDLCs are difficult to fully meet the basic requirement of highly efficient devices for energy storage and conversion.…”

Preparation of Sulfur‐doped Carbon for Supercapacitor Applications: A Review

“…Several heteroatoms have been reported as dopants in carbonaceous materials to increase the electrochemical performance of various electrodes, including nitrogen, phosphorous, boron, oxygen, and sulfur. [11,36,[146][147][148] Heteroatom-doped carbon materials have several key features over pseudocapacitive materials. Feng et.…”

“…Furthermore, the electrochemical activity of sulfur-based functional groups enhances redox processes, enhancing the specific capacitance of carbon-based materials. [49,50,94,136,148,153] It is important to enhance the capacitance of carbon-based SCs since they are one of the most favorable electrical energy storage devices for electric vehicles. Using density functional theory calculations, Gao et.…”

“…Sulfur, among the heteroatom dopants, has a stronger electronegativity than carbon, and as a result, adding sulfur atoms to a carbon‐based material‘s lattice improves its electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the electrochemical activity of sulfur‐based functional groups enhances redox processes, enhancing the specific capacitance of carbon‐based materials [49,50,94,136,148,153] . It is important to enhance the capacitance of carbon‐based SCs since they are one of the most favorable electrical energy storage devices for electric vehicles.…”

One-step microwave-assisted solvothermal nano-manufacturing of Ni2P nanosphere as high-performance supercapacitors

“…With the ever-growing energy demand and upgrading of electronic products, the development of highly efficient energy storage systems that are low cost and environmentally friendly has become urgent. Supercapacitors (SCs) and lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are two widely used energy storage devices that possess some advantages, including high safety, high design flexibility, and excellent performance [1][2][3][4]. Generally speaking, SCs can address the gap between high-power electrostatic capacitors and high-energy batteries.…”