Multi-Fidelity Coupled Trim Analysis of a Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle Flight

Badrya, Camli; Sridharan, Ananth; Baeder, James D.; Kroninger, Christopher

doi:10.2514/1.c034236

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Varying C θ from ∞ to 0 transitions from a square wave to a sinusoidal wave. The pitching amplitude and pitch phasing angle are assumed to be Θ = 40° (refer to section 1 of the online supplemental material (stacks.iop.org/BB/13/046010/mmedia)) and θ ϕ = 0.3, corresponding to advanced pitch rotation which is known to yield the highest lift [12,35]. We set C θ = 3.1, resulting in a modified square wave, as considered by other studies [14,34].…”

Section: Wing Kinematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving bioinspired flapping wing hovering flight solutions on Mars via wing scaling

et al. 2018

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Achieving atmospheric flight on Mars is challenging due to the low density of the Martian atmosphere. Aerodynamic forces are proportional to the atmospheric density, which limits the use of conventional aircraft designs on Mars. Here, we show using numerical simulations that a flapping wing robot can fly on Mars via bioinspired dynamic scaling. Trimmed, hovering flight is possible in a simulated Martian environment when dynamic similarity with insects on earth is achieved by preserving the relevant dimensionless parameters while scaling up the wings three to four times its normal size. The analysis is performed using a well-validated 2D Navier-Stokes equation solver, coupled to a 3D flight dynamics model to simulate free flight. The majority of power required is due to the inertia of the wing because of the ultra-low density. The inertial flap power can be substantially reduced through the use of a torsional spring. The minimum total power consumption is 188 W kg when the torsional spring is driven at its natural frequency.

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Section: Wing Kinematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving bioinspired flapping wing hovering flight solutions on Mars via wing scaling

et al. 2018

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“…Wing kinematic is similar to those of Ref. 38 The azimuthal position of the wing in the flapping cycle is as follows…”

Section: Mbd Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-physics simulation of an insect with flapping wings

Bakhshaei

MoradiMaryamnegari

SalavatiDezfouli

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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In this paper, the unsteady aerodynamic of an insect’s forward flight has been carried out with a novel approach. In order to fully utilize the available powerful solvers, an innovative intermediary MATLAB code has been written for the high-fidelity time-resolved multi-physics problems involving fluid flow and multi-body simulations. For simulating the insect’s flight, the FLUENT solver has been utilized to determine aerodynamic forces and moments of the wings and main body while ADAMS software has been employed to calculate translational and angular velocities. Overset grid technology accompanied with dynamic mesh method have been implemented for the movement of the insect. The code is responsible for the synchronization of the solvers at the end of each time step as well as the integration of the solutions. Three different simulations are done for two different insects’ geometries. For the first and second simulations, a simplified geometry of an insect is selected, due to the ease of manufacturing and testing. At first, all rotational and translational degrees of freedom are considered to be free. The motion path history shows the instability due to an inappropriate location of the center of gravity. Hence, in the second case, it is assumed that the insect’s main body is limited to the vertical motion. In the final simulation, a complicated model of a bee with exact geometry and wings kinematics extracts from the experimental data with the free translational degrees of freedom. According to the results, combining multiple software in which they can interact with each other at each time step, is the most accurate way for doing precise multi-physics simulations.

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“…The reference velocity is the maximum translational velocity of the second moment of wing area r 2 , U ¼ 2pfr 2 Z. We select the flapping amplitude Z, the stroke plane angle b and the flapping offset angle z w as control inputs that place the insect in equilibrium based on methods used by previous researchers [14,26]. These methods were altered to accommodate the influence of wing flexibility in our previous work [9].…”

Section: Flapping Kinematics and Passive Pitch Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chordwise wing flexibility may passively stabilize hovering insects

Bluman¹,

Sridhar²,

Kang³

2018

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Insect wings are flexible, and the dynamically deforming wing shape influences the resulting aerodynamics and power consumption. However, the influence of wing flexibility on the flight dynamics of insects is unknown. Most stability studies in the literature consider rigid wings and conclude that the hover equilibrium condition is unstable. The rigid wings possess an unstable oscillatory mode mainly due to their pitch sensitivity to horizontal velocity perturbations. Here, we show that a flapping wing flyer with flexible wings exhibits stable hover equilibria. The free-flight insect flight dynamics are simulated at the fruit fly scale in the longitudinal plane. The chordwise wing flexibility is modelled as a linear beam. The two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations are solved in a tight fluid–structure integration scheme. For a range of wing flexibilities similar to live insects, all eigenvalues of the system matrix about the hover equilibrium have negative real parts. Flexible wings appear to stabilize the unstable mode by passively deforming their wing shape in the presence of perturbations, generating significantly more horizontal velocity damping and pitch rate damping. These results suggest that insects may passively stabilize their hover flight via wing flexibility, which can inform designs of synthetic flapping wing robots.

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Multi-Fidelity Coupled Trim Analysis of a Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle Flight

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Achieving bioinspired flapping wing hovering flight solutions on Mars via wing scaling

Achieving bioinspired flapping wing hovering flight solutions on Mars via wing scaling

Multi-physics simulation of an insect with flapping wings

Chordwise wing flexibility may passively stabilize hovering insects

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