Multi-fault Classification of Train Wheelset System

Abstract

The condition monitoring and faults diagnosis of wheelset are of great significance for the safe and stable operation of trains. Aiming at the axle crack, wheel flat, wheel out-of-roundness and their coupling faults in wheelset system, this paper proposes a method to diagnose these multiple faults simultaneously. Firstly, the dynamic model of a wheelset system with flat and out-of-roundness is established in SIMPACK software to analyze the fault characteristics of these two typical wheel damages. And the wheel flat and out-of-roundness are equivalent to displacement excitation and then loaded into the finite element (FE) model of the cracked wheelset. The vibration responses of the cracked wheelset with flat and out-of-roundness are solved in ABAQUS software. Then, the simulated multi-fault vibration data of wheelset are input into a Light-GBM model to realize the faults classification of axle crack, wheel flat, wheel out-of-roundness and their coupling faults. Finally, the wheelset vibration signals under the conditions of health, axle crack, wheel flat, and crack-flat coupling fault are collected from an experimental bench to verify the proposed method. This work can provide a basis for multi-fault classification and on-line health monitoring of trains.