Multi-element model for the simulation of inductively coupled plasmas: Effects of helium addition to the central gas stream

Lindner, Helmut; Bogaerts, Annemie

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2011.04.007

Cited by 35 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Second, in models of spectroanalytical ICPs, it is oen assumed that the current has a purely sinusoidal form. 1,[7][8][9] This assumption should be investigated in this study.…”

Section: Harmonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the electrical properties of standard and low-gas-flow ICPs using novel probes for the direct measurements of RF voltage and current in the load coil and the corresponding calculation of the ICP power

Voronov

Hoffmann

Birus

et al. 2015

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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New probes for the direct measurement of high radio-frequency (RF) voltage and current in the load coil of an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) are presented. Based on these measurements, a method for the calculation of power in the ICP is developed. Electrical parameters of the ICP are measured for a wide range of operational conditions in a standard ICP torch with wet aerosol introduction. Further, changes of the electrical parameters are monitored when operating the ICP with a very low argon flow rate of only 0.6 L min À1 using a so-called "Static High-Sensitivity ICP" (SHIP) torch. Direct measurements with the new RF probes allow following the evolution of plasma properties as a function of time. Noteworthy, it is found that there is a strong correlation between the plasma power and temperature changes in the RF generator itself. Depending on the plasma parameters, the measured plasma power was shown to differ significantly from the applied power (in the vendor software settings).

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“…Second, in models of spectroanalytical ICPs, it is oen assumed that the current has a purely sinusoidal form. 1,[7][8][9] This assumption should be investigated in this study.…”

Section: Harmonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the electrical properties of standard and low-gas-flow ICPs using novel probes for the direct measurements of RF voltage and current in the load coil and the corresponding calculation of the ICP power

Voronov

Hoffmann

Birus

et al. 2015

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…Increasing He/Ar ratios also influence ICP conditions [13]. Higher gas-kinetic temperatures have been reported with added helium [6].…”

Section: Axial Ion Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of He on ablation and inductively coupled plasma environment in ultra-violet, nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Moses

Farnsworth

2015

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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The effects of helium gas on ablation and ICP processes were investigated. Differences in the size, shape, and abundance of aerosol particles generated in argon and helium atmosphere were studied off-line using SEM imaging of aerosol particles impacted on polycarbonate filter disks. In general, ablation in helium generated fewer large particles, and larger, more densely-packed softagglomerates. However, corresponding changes in the ion densities in the ICP, observed in high-resolution images obtained using LIF, were not always predictable. In all cases, higher He/Ar ratios led to lower ion densities in the ICP. This effect was attributed to increased rates of off-axis diffusion at higher He/Ar ratios. Differences in the ion densities produced during ablation in argon vs helium were highly dependent on sample type, the axial position of vaporization, and the He/Ar ratio. There was evidence that vaporization efficiencies of softagglomerates were less affectedthan micron-sized particles by particle acceleration at higher He/Ar ratios.

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“…Coulomb fission of aerosol droplets, occurring during transport or desolvation, may give rise to greater radial dispersion of SN aerosol [38]. Finally, differences in flow patterns within the ICP are another possibility [39,40]. Contributions from mechanisms discussed above are speculative at this point.…”

Section: Solution Nebulization Vs Laser Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence imaging of ion distributions in an inductively coupled plasma with laser ablation sample introduction

Moses

Ellis

Jones³

et al. 2015

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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a b s t r a c tHigh-resolution images of the spatial distributions of Sc II, Ca II, and Ba II ion densities in the 10 mm upstream from the sampling cone in a laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) were obtained using planar laser induced fluorescence. Images were obtained for each analyte as a function of the carrier gas flow rate with laser ablation (LA) sample introduction and compared to images with solution nebulization (SN) over the same range of flow rates. Additionally, images were obtained using LA at varying fluences and with varying amounts of helium added to a constant flow of argon gas. Ion profiles in SN images followed a pattern consistent with previous work: increasing gas flow caused a downstream shift in the ion profiles. When compared to SN, LA led to ion profiles that were much narrower radially and reached a maximum near the sampling cone at higher flow rates. Increasing the fluence led to ions formed in the ICP over greater axial and radial distances. The addition of He to the carrier gas prior to the ablation cell led to an upstream shift in the position of ionization and lower overall fluorescence intensities.

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Multi-element model for the simulation of inductively coupled plasmas: Effects of helium addition to the central gas stream

Cited by 35 publications

References 35 publications

Investigation of the electrical properties of standard and low-gas-flow ICPs using novel probes for the direct measurements of RF voltage and current in the load coil and the corresponding calculation of the ICP power

Investigation of the electrical properties of standard and low-gas-flow ICPs using novel probes for the direct measurements of RF voltage and current in the load coil and the corresponding calculation of the ICP power

The effects of He on ablation and inductively coupled plasma environment in ultra-violet, nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Fluorescence imaging of ion distributions in an inductively coupled plasma with laser ablation sample introduction

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