Multi-element isotopic evolution of magmatic rocks from Caviahue-Copahue Volcanic Complex (Chile-Argentina): Involvement of mature slab recycled materials

Hydrogeochemistry of trace and rare earth elements in the Caviahue-Copahue Volcanic Complex

“…REE patterns in natural water result from four main factors that depend on the pH and redox conditions (Lewis et al, 1997;Inguaggiato et al, 2015;Oliveri et al, 2019): i) the intensity of the water-rock interaction that defines the element concentration in the fluid; ii) the formation of complexes; iii) the incorporation of REE into the structure of secondary mineral precipitates; and iv) the adsorption of REE onto minerals surfaces. Particularly, in the CCVC rocks, the REE patterns normalize by chondrite are very similar to the normalize continental crust patterns (Varekamp et al, 2006;Roulleau et al, 2018).…”

“…The REE patterns for the VHS headwaters show in general a similar flat pattern, with a progressive depletion downstream (from site 1 to 11). In this upper part of the system, the incorporation of REE to the waters do not come only from REE-rich minerals, such as apatite or zircon, but rather from all minerals of the study area despite the REE concentrations (Grawunder et al, 2018;Migaszewski et al, 2019), as it is recognized in the rock compositions of CCVC (Varekamp et al, 2006;Roulleau et al, 2018). The Crater lake sample from Gammons et al (2005) is flatter than both springs, due to a more congruent rock dissolution with a similar behavior in all the REE, without a fractionation during water-rock interaction.…”

“…The major ions of the 2017 and 2018 samples have been plotted in Fig. 3, together with the rock data reported by Roulleau et al (2018).…”

“…A comparison with the host rock geochemistry was necessary to understand the different processes that occur in the study system. Therefore, an average rock composition was chosen by using the data from Roulleau et al (2018), which includes the main rocks from the Agrio caldera basement, Las Mellizas sequence, and flows from the major eruptive episodes of Copahue volcano. To…”

“…Journal Pre-proof compare Li, B, Bi, Cd, Se, and Te, which are not available in Roulleau et al (2018) dataset, we used an upper continental rock composition from Wedepohl (1995).…”