“…36,37,38,39,40,41 Both VMS formulations proved their accuracy and efficiency through numerous high-Reynolds-number flow computations for applications such as parachutes, 42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49 turbomachinery, 50,51,52,53,54 thermo-fluids, 55,56 flows with topology change, 57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64 wind turbines, 65,66,67,68,69 hydro turbines, 70 bioinspired propulsion, 71,72,73 cardiovascular hemodynamics, 74,75,76,77 and bridge aerodynamics. 21,78 To simulate the incident turbulence, a Multi-Domain Modeling (MDM) approach 79,80,81,82,68 is employed, where th...…”