Multi-decadal atmospheric and marine climate variability in southern Iberia during the mid- to late-Holocene

Schirrmacher, Julien; Weinelt, Mara; Blanz, Thomas; Andersen, Nils; Salgueiro, Emı́lia; Schneider, Ralph R

doi:10.5194/cp-15-617-2019

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the pervasiveness of the 4.2 ka climate anomaly in Europe (e.g. Bini et al, 2019;Isola et al, 2019;Schirrmacher et al, 2019) suggests a common forcing. Based on our study, increased TSI values and likely NAO positive conditions (e.g.…”

Section: Spatial Variability In Iberian Hydroclimate During the Holocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroclimate variability from western Iberia (Portugal) during the Holocene: Insights from a composite stalagmite isotope record

et al. 2020

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Iberia is predicted under future warming scenarios to be increasingly impacted by drought. While it is known that this region has experienced multiple intervals of enhanced aridity over the Holocene, additional hydroclimate-sensitive records from Iberia are necessary to place current and future drying into a broader perspective. Toward that end, we present a multi-proxy composite record from six well-dated and overlapping speleothems from Buraca Gloriosa (BG) cave, located in western Portugal. The coherence between the six stalagmites in this composite stalagmite record illustrates that climate (not in-cave processes) impacts speleothem isotopic values. This record provides the first high-resolution, precisely dated, terrestrial record of Holocene hydroclimate from west-central Iberia. The BG record reveals that aridity in western Portugal increased secularly from 9.0 ka BP to present, as evidenced by rising values of both carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) stable isotope values. This trend tracks the decrease in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation and parallels Iberian margin sea surface temperatures (SST). The increased aridity over the Holocene is consistent with changes in Hadley Circulation and a southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Centennial-scale shifts in hydroclimate are coincident with changes in total solar irradiance (TSI) after 4 ka BP. Several major drying events are evident, the most prominent of which was centered around 4.2 ka BP, a feature also noted in other Iberian climate records and coinciding with well-documented regional cultural shifts. Substantially, wetter conditions occurred from 0.8 ka BP to 0.15 ka BP, including much of the ‘Little Ice Age’. This was followed by increasing aridity toward present day. This composite stalagmite proxy record complements oceanic records from coastal Iberia, lacustrine records from inland Iberia, and speleothem records from both northern and southern Spain and depicts the spatial and temporal variability in hydroclimate in Iberia.

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Section: Spatial Variability In Iberian Hydroclimate During the Holocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroclimate variability from western Iberia (Portugal) during the Holocene: Insights from a composite stalagmite isotope record

et al. 2020

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“…Bakke et al, 2010, Le Roy et al, 2017 from southern Europe and the Mediterranean the climate oscillation is rather known because of prominent drought phases (e.g. Weiss and Bradley, 2001, Staubwasser and Weiss, 2006, Migowski et al, 2006, Cheng et al, 2010, Schirrmacher et al, 2019. A prominent dry phase was also reconstructed from the lake level of Lake Balqash (Kremenetski, 1997) and through pollen studies for the research region in the period from ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dreibrodt et al.- Holocene erosion history in central Ukraine

Dreibrodt¹,

Hofmann²,

Sípos³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The younger Quaternary erosion history was reconstructed in a catchment close to the Chalcolithic giant settlement Maidanetske, central Ukraine based on dated sediment sequences. Four trenches and a long percussion drill-core were analyzed in a valley grading from a Loess covered plateau towards the Talianky River. The sediments were dated via a combination of radiocarbon dating, optical stimulated luminescence (OSL) and embedded artefacts. A suspicious non-coincidence between phases of soil erosion and the settlement history at the site over long periods of the Holocene is noticeable and suggests a climatically driven erosion at the site. The detected phases of erosion during the past >20,000 years coincide with global (cal 27.6 +/- 1.3 kyrs BP, 12.0 +/- 0.4 kyrs BP), northern hemispheric (cal 8.5 ± 0.3 kyrs BP), Mediterranean (cal 3.93 ± 0.1 kyrs BP) as well as western to central European (2,700 to 2,000 cal BP) climate anomalies. For these anomalies, characterized by colder than usual conditions in western and central Europe and dry conditions in the eastern Mediterranean and the research area, a common trigger process seems possible. Increased occurrences of heavy precipitation events, probably during phases of a weakened vegetation cover, could explain the observed record. A comparison of the Ukrainian record with other European erosion records raises the question again about the contribution of climate variability on Holocene erosion processes. Whereas climatic influence might be easier detectable in Eastern Europe, with a comparatively late onset of intensive agricultural land use, in southern, central and western Europe the impact of climate variability might be masked to a part according to the long history of intensive agricultural land use. The composition of the sediments implies changes of the slope-channel connectivity during the deposition history. Whereas the periglacial to early Holocene sediments were derived from the whole catchment area, since the mid-Holocene a tendency to lower slope storage of colluvial material and valley incision is noticeable.

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“…4300-3800 cal. BP) [76][77][78][79][80] provide a favorable setting for fire spread as suggested by the Brezoso and, to a lesser extent, the Viñuelas charcoal records [76][77][78]. Indeed, the largest CHAR values of the last 4000 years are recorded at Brezoso from 3900 to 3800 cal.…”

Section: Climatic Influence: From 5000-3000 Cal Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Iberian Peninsula’s Burning Heart—Long-Term Fire History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Spain)

Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger

Blarquez

Pérez-Díaz

et al. 2019

Fire

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Long-term fire ecology can help to better understand the major role played by fire in driving vegetation composition and structure over decadal to millennial timescales, along with climate change and human agency, especially in fire-prone areas such as the Mediterranean basin. Investigating past ecosystem dynamics in response to changing fire activity, climate, and land use, and how these landscape drivers interact in the long-term is needed for efficient nature management, protection, and restoration. The Toledo Mountains of central Spain are a mid-elevation mountain complex with scarce current anthropic intervention located on the westernmost edge of the Mediterranean basin. These features provide a perfect setting to study patterns of late Holocene fire activity and landscape transformation. Here, we have combined macroscopic charcoal analysis with palynological data in three peat sequences (El Perro, Brezoso, and Viñuelas mires) to reconstruct fire regimes during recent millennia and their linkages to changes in vegetation, land use, and climatic conditions. During a first phase (5000–3000 cal. BP) characterized by mixed oak woodlands and low anthropogenic impact, climate exerted an evident influence over fire regimes. Later, the data show two phases of increasing human influence dated at 3000–500 cal. BP and 500 cal. BP–present, which translated into significant changes in fire regimes increasingly driven by human activity. These results contribute to prove how fire regimes have changed along with human societies, being more related to land use and less dependent on climatic cycles.

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Multi-decadal atmospheric and marine climate variability in southern Iberia during the mid- to late-Holocene

Cited by 24 publications

References 84 publications

Hydroclimate variability from western Iberia (Portugal) during the Holocene: Insights from a composite stalagmite isotope record

Hydroclimate variability from western Iberia (Portugal) during the Holocene: Insights from a composite stalagmite isotope record

Dreibrodt et al.- Holocene erosion history in central Ukraine

The Iberian Peninsula’s Burning Heart—Long-Term Fire History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Spain)

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