Multi-criteria ranking of copper concentrates according to their quality – An element of environmental management in the vicinity of copper – Smelting complex in Bor, Serbia

Analysis of budget deficit in the candidate countries for EU membership

“…Each of n alternatives is characterized by k criteria, which are chosen depending on the observed problem and the factors influencing the final decision. Criteria differ among themselves, first of all, by the unit of measure and whether this criterion should be maximized or minimized (Nikolić et al, 2009).…”

Multi-Criteria Decision Support System for Optimal Blending Process in Zinc Production

“…The authors of this study believe that with a suitable combination of available zinc concentrates in the market, it is possible to assemble the optimal composition of the batch, as was realized in the case of copper concentrates (Nikolić et al 2009;Jovanović et al 2012). In this way, satisfactorily technological efficiency and quality of the final product (cathode zinc) would be ensured (Kim et al 2008).…”

“…However, the definition of mathematical models for the formation of the optimal mix is a very complex problem, usually solved by applying techniques of linear or nonlinear programming (Liu and Sherali 2000;Kumral 2003;Gaustad et al 2007;Kim et al 2008), intelligent systems such as artificial neural networks (Gui et al 2007;Yang et al 2008;Mihajlović et al 2010, Savic et al 2013Kalina 2014), and methods of multiple criteria optimization (Figueira et al 2005);Nikolić et al 2009;Chakraborty andChakraborty 2012, Stanujkić et al 2013).…”

“…Finally, a ranking of the available zinc concentrates based on the content of beneficial and harmful components in them was realized through the application of the multi-criteria method PROMETHEE II, after which, the results of step 6 were used for the formation of an optimal mixture of a batch for the procedure for zinc extraction. For this purpose, a modified PROMETHEE V method using a linear programming technique was applied in the final step 7 (Nikolić et al 2009). A detailed description of the steps is given in the following subsections.…”

“…For example, Weistroffer et al (2005) presented an overview of 79 MCDA software packages that are implemented in different MCDA methods. In this study, among the numerous methods of multicriteria analysis, one of the most famous family of outranking methods PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations) was chosen to develop a multi-criteria optimization model aimed at determining the optimal mixture of zinc concentrates (Nikolić et al 2009). The PROMETHEE method was developed in 1985 by Brans and Vincke (1985), and is one of the most employed outranking methods in practice, because it follows a clear calculation procedure and can be very easily interpreted for the purposes of decision-makers, as well as a range of other benefits that are demonstrated in numerous scientific papers (Macharis et al 2004;Rousis et al 2008).…”