Multi-Channel Near-Field Terahertz Communications Using Reprogrammable Graphene-Based Digital Metasurface

Rouhi, Kasra; Hosseininejad, Seyed Ehsan; Abadal, Sergi; Khalily, Mohsen; Tafazolli, Rahim

doi:10.1109/jlt.2021.3105911

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Therefore, at present, it is difficult to achieve accurate classification and recognition across individuals, and it can be a customized strategy for a specific patient. We consider that collecting more data from different people, dynamically scanning with more points using a programmable metasurface and designing a deep neural network model can possibly help to address the cross‐individual issue and generalize to more patients in the future study. 3)We believe that using a multifocal point approach [ 47 ] is likely to help in improving the hand gesture recognition accuracy and reducing the detection time. In the future study, the coding metasurface with multifocal point approach will be considered for investigating recognition performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncontact Electromagnetic Wireless Recognition for Prosthesis Based on Intelligent Metasurface

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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With the development of artificial intelligence and Internet of Things, hand gesture recognition techniques have attracted great attention owing to their excellent applications in developing human-machine interaction (HMI). Here, the authors propose a non-contact hand gesture recognition method based on intelligent metasurface. Owing to the advantage of dynamically controlling the electromagnetic (EM) focusing in the wavefront engineering, a transmissive programmable metasurface is presented to illuminate the forearm with more focusing spots and obtain comprehensive echo data, which can be processed under the machine learning technology to reach the non-contact gesture recognition with high accuracy. Compared with the traditional passive antennas, unique variations of echo coefficients resulted from near fields perturbed by finger and wrist agonist muscles can be aquired through the programmable metasurface by switching the positions of EM focusing. The authors realize the gesture recognition using support vector machine algorithm based on five individual focusing spots data and all-five-spot data. The influences of the focusing spots on the gesture recognition are analyzed through linear discriminant analysis algorithm and Fisher score. Experimental verifications prove that the proposed metasurface-based non-contact wireless design can realize the classification of hand gesture recognition with higher accuracy than traditional passive antennas, and give an HMI solution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncontact Electromagnetic Wireless Recognition for Prosthesis Based on Intelligent Metasurface

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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“…Unlike the mmWave, there is a large amount of spectrum available in the frequency range of 90 to 120 GHz, which is also known as low terahertz. Although THz band refers to the frequency range of 0.1-10 THz [125,126], in literature, the term THz spectrum refers to the frequency range somewhere between 100 GHz and 750 GHz, which is considered as upper mmWaves that are currently used in 5G applications [127,128].…”

Section: Thz Bandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications

Alraih

Shayea

Behjati

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Ever since the introduction of fifth generation (5G) mobile communications, the mobile telecommunications industry has been debating whether 5G is an “evolution” or “revolution” from the previous legacy mobile networks, but now that 5G has been commercially available for the past few years, the research direction has recently shifted towards the upcoming generation of mobile communication system, known as the sixth generation (6G), which is expected to drastically provide significant and evolutionary, if not revolutionary, improvements in mobile networks. The promise of extremely high data rates (in terabits), artificial intelligence (AI), ultra-low latency, near-zero/low energy, and immense connected devices is expected to enhance the connectivity, sustainability, and trustworthiness and provide some new services, such as truly immersive “extended reality” (XR), high-fidelity mobile hologram, and a new generation of entertainment. Sixth generation and its vision are still under research and open for developers and researchers to establish and develop their directions to realize future 6G technology, which is expected to be ready as early as 2028. This paper reviews 6G mobile technology, including its vision, requirements, enabling technologies, and challenges. Meanwhile, a total of 11 communication technologies, including terahertz (THz) communication, visible light communication (VLC), multiple access, coding, cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) zero-energy interface, intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), and infusion of AI/machine learning (ML) in wireless transmission techniques, are presented. Moreover, this paper compares 5G and 6G in terms of services, key technologies, and enabling communications techniques. Finally, it discusses the crucial future directions and technology developments in 6G.

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“…The chemical potential µ c of the isolated graphene patch is determined by the DC biasing V DC [40], the relationship between them is given by…”

Section: Graphene Patch Modeling a Graphene Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Based Tunable Terahertz Holographic Antennas

Ren

Jiang

2022

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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In this work, several representative terahertz (THz) graphene holographic impedance surface antenna are presented. Different to the conventional impedance surface antenna that manipulates the surface impedance via varying the patch size in each unit cell, the surface impedance of the proposed antenna in this paper is readily controlled by applying a tunable DC biasing to each graphene patch cell, the physics behind which is that the conductivity of the graphene is a function of imposed voltage. Thus, the graphene patches of the proposed antenna have same size as well as equal spacing, which makes the modeling process more convenient and efficient. Furthermore, for the purpose of beam scanning, the proposed THz graphene holographic antenna can be easily reached by varying the DC supply. Besides, due to the excellent mechanical property of graphene, the proposed THz graphene holographic antenna can be designed conformal to required platforms. To validate and verify the proposed above ideas, a linear polarized with beam scanning capability, a circularized and a conformal THz graphene holographic antenna are designed and simulated via full-wave commercial software HFSS, the simulation results are in good agreements with the design theories. Graphene, holographic antenna, reconfigurability, terahertz (THz) INDEX TERMS

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Multi-Channel Near-Field Terahertz Communications Using Reprogrammable Graphene-Based Digital Metasurface

Cited by 30 publications

References 66 publications

Noncontact Electromagnetic Wireless Recognition for Prosthesis Based on Intelligent Metasurface

Noncontact Electromagnetic Wireless Recognition for Prosthesis Based on Intelligent Metasurface

Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications

Graphene Based Tunable Terahertz Holographic Antennas

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