Multi-centre technical evaluation of the radiation-induced lymphocyte apoptosis assay as a predictive test for radiotherapy toxicity

Abstract

Highlights The RILA assay is the leading candidate biomarker for radiotherapy toxicity. We describe work to standardise its use across multiple centres. Patient factors including smoking and arthritis were found to affect RILA score. RILA predicts acute breast pain but not other acute end-points. This work establishes the basis for implementing the assay clinically.

REQUITE: A prospective multicentre cohort study of patients undergoing radiotherapy for breast, lung or prostate cancer

“…Blood samples were dispatched according to a SOP under temperaturecontrolled conditions to the CIGMR Biobank in Manchester, UK, where extracted DNA from blood and PAXgene samples for future RNA analysis are stored. A subset of patients from France, Germany and the UK gave LiH blood samples for prospective radiationinduced lymphocyte apoptosis (RILA) assays using an established method [7] and standardization across laboratories [28]. Genotyping data were generated using the Illumina Infinium OncoArray-500K beadchip.…”

Avoiding Toxicity With Lung Radiation Therapy: An IASLC Perspective

“…Ex vivo apoptosis is then scored before and then after irradiation. 64 Retrospective studies have suggested that patients with lower RILA scores (those with less radiation-induced apoptosis) are at increased risk of early and late radiation toxicity. 64 Methods individualizing radiation dose may enable improved dose selection.…”

The Possibility of Using Genotoxicity, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Blood Biomarkers to Predict the Occurrence of Late Cutaneous Side Effects after Radiotherapy

“…The authors validated the RadioInduced CD8 T-Lymphocyte Apoptosis (RILA) test as a tool for the prediction of the risk of breast fibrosis. They extended this test to acute toxicity and others cancers with different thresholds of apoptosis having to be determined and with a limitation due to variations in the protocol due to blood sample collection times leading to changes in RILA values [19]. Other biomarkers were studied in blood as 8-oxodG which was shown to increase in ex vivo irradiated blood serum from patients without skin side effects while no increase was measured in patients with grade 3 or 4 [20].…”