The results are presented of an extra-reactor investigation of a change in the structure of the uranium dioxide in a high-temperature fuel element in the field of a temperature gradient using an electric heater. It is shown that the width of a columnar grain of the restructured dioxide can be decreased from the characteristic value 200-250 µm down to 100 µm using dioxide with thermally stabilized porosity with porosity up to 20%. The creep characteristics of columnar uranium dioxide within this width range of a columnar grain are presented. The calculations show that the deformation rate of fuel-element cladding made of the hardened single-crystal alloy W-Nb under the action of a swelling kernel decreases severalfold when the grain width decreases to 100 µm.