Multi-antibiotic resistant and putative virulence gene signatures in Enterococcus species isolated from pig farms environment

Beshiru, Abeni; Igbinosa, Isoken H.; Omeje, Faith I.; Ogofure, Abraham G.; Eyong, Martin M.; Igbinosa, Etinosa O.

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2017.01.020

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Antibiotic resistance could be associated to the abuse of antibiotics due to over-the-counter medication and accessibility to patients devoid of doctor's prescription due to upsurge of pharmacies and patent medicine stores. In addition, consumption of animal products treated with these antibiotics as growth promoters and prophylactic agents could have added to the resistance (Beshiru et al, 2017). Resistance profile from this study is comparable to the findings of Schwaiger et al (2010) where Enterococcus spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The acquisition of resistant determinants and exposure to different elements of antibiotics could have resulted in upsurge and emergence of intermediate or low level of enterococcal resistance to vancomycin in this study. Enterococci have been reported to acquire antibiotic resistance via conjugative transposition, plasmids or through mutations which resulted in the rapid dissemination of multidrug resistant enterococcal infections (Beshiru et al, 2017). In Nigeria, vancomycin resistant enterococci may soon become a significant threat since 35.9% of the 64 isolates in this study exhibited resistance to vancomycin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Characterization of <i>Enterococcus</i> species isolated from abattoir environment in Benin city, Nigeria

Igbinosa¹,

Raje²

2020

Ife Journal of Science

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Enterococci are primarily inhabitants of the intestinal mucosa of animals and humans; however, they can also be recovered from water, soil, plants, insects and fermented food products. The aim of this study was to carry out quality indices survey for Enterococcus species from the abattoir environment in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. A total of 36 samples were obtained from two different abattoirs which comprised of water source (n = 12), effluent from point of usage (n = 12) and effluent from point of discharge (n = 12) between February and July, 2017. Physicochemical variables of the effluents were assessed using standard analytical techniques. The isolation of Enterococcus isolates was carried out using standard culture-based techniques. Analytical profile index 20E (API 20E) was used to confirm the identity of the Enterococcus species. Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the Enterococcus species was determined using disk diffusion method. The mean ranges of physicochemical parameters of the water samples were: pH (5.36 ± 0.85-7.35 ± 0.28), phosphate (0.39 ± 0.31-21.28 ± 0.01 mg/L), dissolved oxygen (0.83 ± 1.94-6.13 ± 0.13 mg/L) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) 7 (35.66 ± 0.13-797.10 ± 0.35 mg/L). The mean range of mesophilic bacteria count was (6.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Characterization of <i>Enterococcus</i> species isolated from abattoir environment in Benin city, Nigeria

Igbinosa¹,

Raje²

2020

Ife Journal of Science

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“…Strips were examined accordingly and identification was secured via an API lab plus software (BioMerieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France). Isolates screened using API were thereafter subjected to DNA extraction using the modified boiling method (Beshiru et al, 2017). PCR using genus-specific and species-specific primers in Table 1 and PCR conditions previously described was used in the identification of the Enterococcus species (Dutka-Malen et al, 1995; Deasy et al, 2000; Kariyama et al, 2000; Jackson et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enterococcus strains of clinical origin have been described extensively in literature with limited information of the phenotypic virulence factors coupled with its genetic structure from RTE seafood. Furthermore, enterococci have demonstrated intrinsic antimicrobial resistance to numerous antibiotic agents and can adapt to obtain resistance to antimicrobials from the environment (Beshiru et al, 2017). Multiresistance to a diverse class and subclass of antibiotics along with occurrence of virulence potentials strengthens the vital roles of Enterococcus species as opportunistic pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Determinants, and Biofilm Formation of Enterococcus Species From Ready-to-Eat Seafood

Igbinosa

Beshiru

2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Enterococcus species form an important population of commensal bacteria and have been reported to possess numerous virulence factors considered significantly important in exacerbating diseases caused by them. The present study was designed to characterize antibiotic-resistant and virulent enterococci from ready-to-eat (RTE) seafood. A total of 720 RTE shrimp samples comprising sauced shrimp ( n = 288), boiled shrimp ( n = 216), and smoked shrimp ( n = 216) obtained from open markets in Delta State, Nigeria, were assessed. Standard classical methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used in identifying the Enterococcus species. Potential virulence factors (β-hemolysis, gelatinase activity, S-layer, and biofilm formation) were assessed using standard procedures. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of the identified enterococci isolates was assayed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. PCR was further used to screen selected antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Prevalence of Enterococcus species from shrimp varieties is as follows: sauced, 26 (9.03%); boiled, 6 (2.78%); and smoked, 27 (12.50%), with an overall prevalence of 59 (8.19%) based on the occurrence of black hallow colonies after incubation. Enterococcus species detected include E. faecalis , 17 (28.8%); E. faecium , 29 (49.2%); E. gallinarum , 6 (10.2%); E. casseliflavus , 2 (3.4%); E. hirae , 3 (5.1%); and E. durans , 2 (3.4%). Biofilm occurrence among the shrimp varieties is as follows: 19/26 (73.1%) for sauced shrimps, 5/6 (83.3%) for boiled shrimps, and 16/27 (59.3%) for smoked shrimps. The phenotypic expression of the enterococci virulence revealed the following: S-layer, 59 (100%); gelatinase production, 19 (32.2%); and β-hemolysis, 21 (35.6%). An average of 3–11 virulence genes were detected in the Enterococcus species. The resistance profile of Enterococcus species is as follows: erythromycin, 29 (49.2%); vancomycin, 22 (37.3%); and tetracycline, 27 (45.8%). The frequency of occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes from the phenotypic resistant enterococci isolates to the macrolide, glycopeptide, and tetracycline antibiotics is as follows: erm A, 13/29 (44.8%); van A, 14/22 (63.6%); tet A, 14/27 (51.9%); tet M, 15/27 (55.6%); erm B, 4/29 (13.8%); and van B, 5/22 (22.7%). Findings from this study reveal the antibiotic resistance of enterococci strains of such species as E. durans, E. casseliflavus, E. gallinarum , and E. hirae . This study further revealed that RTE food products are reservoirs of potential virul...

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“…As enterococci potentially transfer resistant genes from enteric bacteria in animals to humans via the food chain and they are potential pathogens, they have become a global public health concern. In previous reports, available data showed MDR Enterococcus with a variety of virulent determinants isolated from commensal animals, such as chickens, pigs and cattle (Diarra et al, 2010;Beshiru et al, 2017;De Jong et al, 2019;Igbinosa and Beshiru, 2019). However, there has been no available data on enterococci isolated from yaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Genes, and Biofilm Formation Capacity Among Enterococcus species From Yaks in Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China

et al. 2020

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Yaks provide necessities such as meat and milk for Tibetans living at high altitudes on and around the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Enterococci are ubiquitous members of the animal gut microbiota that can cause biofilm-associated opportunistic infections. Meanwhile, multidrug-resistant Enterococcus also poses a serious threat to public health. This study aims to characterize antibiotic resistance, virulence genes, and biofilm formation of enterococci from yaks. From April 2018 to July 2019, we collected 395 fecal samples of yaks in Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China. Enterococci isolated from the samples were identified and classified according to the 16S rDNA sequence. The antibiotic resistance of each isolate was detected according to the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, and antibiotic resistance genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Enterococcal biofilms were assessed using standard procedures. Different virulence genes were detected by PCR and sequencing. In total, 381 enterococci strains were recovered, with Enterococcus faecalis (41.99%) and Enterococcus faecium (37.80%) being the predominant species. Many isolates were multidrug-resistant (60.37%) and showed a high resistance rate to rifampicin (64.30%) and tetracycline (61.54%). We also detected various antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in the tested strains. The E. faecalis strains had higher frequency of biofilm formation and virulence genes than other enterococcal species. This is the first report that shows yaks are repositories for drug-resistant enterococci with virulent determinants and biofilms that may spread into humans and to environment. This study also provides useful data suggesting that enterococci may pose a potential health risk to yaks. Therefore, active surveillance of AMR and pathogenesis in enterococci from yaks is urgently warranted.

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Multi-antibiotic resistant and putative virulence gene signatures in Enterococcus species isolated from pig farms environment

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Characterization of <i>Enterococcus</i> species isolated from abattoir environment in Benin city, Nigeria

Characterization of <i>Enterococcus</i> species isolated from abattoir environment in Benin city, Nigeria

Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Determinants, and Biofilm Formation of Enterococcus Species From Ready-to-Eat Seafood

Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Genes, and Biofilm Formation Capacity Among Enterococcus species From Yaks in Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China

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