Multi-Agent Systems for Biomedical Simulation: Modeling Vascularization of Porous Scaffolds

Mehdizadeh, Hamidreza; Artel, Arsun; Brey, Eric M.; Çınar, Ali

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-25044-6_11

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…66 Based on these definitions and the ranges of variable values, porous scaffold models with different architectural characteristics were designed and then used as an input to the simulations, enabling the study of the effect of scaffold architecture on vascularization. Two different general arrangements of the pores within the scaffold structure resulted in two different categories of scaffolds, termed homogeneous and heterogeneous scaffolds.…”

Section: Scaffold Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discrete models in which individual cells are represented by agents, the so-called agent based models (ABMs), have been used in recent years to model angiogenesis. − These models can represent cells as single independent entities that can act in their environment and interact with their neighboring cells and describe the emergence of blood vessels . Using ABMs, researchers have been able to explicitly investigate the effects of EC migration, growth, proliferation, and apoptosis on angiogenesis and to show the relationship among growth-factor gradients, cellular behaviors, and sprout extension .…”

Section: Angiogenesis In Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…46−51 These models can represent cells as single independent entities that can act in their environment and interact with their neighboring cells and describe the emergence of blood vessels. 52 Using ABMs, researchers have been able to explicitly investigate the effects of EC migration, growth, proliferation, and apoptosis on angiogenesis and to show the relationship among growth-factor gradients, cellular behaviors, and sprout extension. 47 ABMs have enabled researchers to develop multiscale models spanning several spatial levels.…”

Section: Angiogenesis In Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Design of Polymer Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications

Mehdizadeh

Somo

Bayrak

et al. 2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Agent-based models (ABM) provide a flexible multi-layer platform to incorporate various modeling techniques into a single hybrid model for designing optimal biomaterial scaffolds for angiogenesis in tissue engineering applications. Scaffold geometrical variables are considered as design variables. The growth factor concentration profile is the only process variable considered in the study. The product variables used to illustrate the combined effects of scaffold design variables and process variables on the outcome of angiogenesis include the density and depth of capillary invasion within the scaffold. The scaffold design process and the ABM developed to simulate angiogenesis are described in this paper. The performance of the ABM and vascularization of polymer scaffolds are evaluated by simulation studies. The effects of pore size, pore size distribution, and interconnectivity on total blood vessel length, invasion depth, and the total number of sprouts formed during the vascularization process are reported. The integration of the simulation of angiogenesis with ABMs and scaffold design techniques provide an iterative process for designing optimal scaffold structures. This facilitates faster design of optimized scaffolds with significantly less cost and enables better understanding of the mechanisms of angiogenesis of polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.

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Section: Scaffold Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Angiogenesis In Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Angiogenesis In Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Polymer Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications

Mehdizadeh

Somo

Bayrak

et al. 2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

Self Cite

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“…28 Mehdizadeh et al presented a brief survey of some of the biological and biomedical applications of ABMS in biomedical engineering. 38 These studies are related to cancer, tissue engineering, angiogenesis, lung disease, morphogenesis, and epidemiology. Mehdizadeh et al developed a multi-layered agent-based framework to model the process of sprouting angiogenesis (blood vessel formation) within polymeric porous scaffolds used in regenerative medicine.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mehdizadeh et al developed a multi-layered agent-based framework to model the process of sprouting angiogenesis (blood vessel formation) within polymeric porous scaffolds used in regenerative medicine. 38 Mabry and Baldwin focused on modeling cardiovascular flow with a migrating agent system. 39 Using the SimAgent framework, the researchers described the basic cardiovascular flow problem followed by a correlation between the migrating agent paradigm and physiological processes.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agent-based modeling and simulation of blood vessels in the cardiovascular system

et al. 2017

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The purpose of this study is to develop a model to simulate the behavior of the human cardiovascular system for use in medical education. The proposed model ensures that the output of the system is accurately represented in both equilibrium conditions and imbalance conditions including in the presence of adaptive agents. In this study, field experts develop an agent-based blood vessel model, i.e., a submodel for the stated purpose. In the proposed blood vessel model, vessels are represented by agents whereas blood flow is represented by the interaction between agents. Adaptive behavior shown by vessels in terms of resistance to the blood flow is defined by the agents' properties, which are used as the basis for calculating and graphically representing the physical parameters of blood flow, specifically blood pressure, blood flow velocity, and the resistance of the vessel. The adaptation of the vessel agents is supported by a case study, which demonstrates the adaptive behavior of the blood vessel agents through a negative feedback control mechanism. The blood vessel model proposed is flexible in nature such that it can be adapted to account for the behavior of the vessel sections in any vascular structure.

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