Following an examination of human rights at the end of life as enshrined in constitutional and international law, this postdoctoral thesis addresses various problem constellations that have emerged in a social-empirical study. In doing so, regulatory proposals for a better consideration of patients' wishes, for an avoidance of overtreatment, for the improvement of medical care in homes, for the guarantee of palliative care, as well as for specific problems in the field of assisted suicide are elaborated.