Mucosal Melanoma: a Literature Review

Yde, Simon Skovsted; Sjoegren, Pia; Heje, Martin; Stolle, Lars Bjørn

doi:10.1007/s11912-018-0675-0

Cited by 131 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…However, in the absence of systematic microscopic evaluation, the increased size of the lymph nodes may not reflect a true tumour infiltration but may correspond to reactive hyperplasia because of tumour ulceration or periodontal disease. This is confirmed with a recent study that compared lymph nodes evaluation in case of melanocytic tumour by palpation, cytology and histology with a high percentage of false positive and negative results …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In the last decade, it has been suggested that canine cancers can constitute relevant spontaneous models for their human counterparts and that comparative oncology approaches may be valuable for human . In particular, canine oral melanomas share many similar features with human mucosal melanomas, considering epidemiology, clinical behaviour and pathology . The need to better understand the underlying genetic characteristics of this rare and devastating human cancer has led to the emergence of comparative genetic studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prognostic value of somatic focal amplifications on chromosome 30 in canine oral melanoma

Prouteau

Chocteau

Brito

et al. 2019

Vet Comparative Oncology

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Canine oral melanoma is the first malignancy of the oral cavity in dogs and is characterized by a local invasiveness and a high metastatic propensity. A better knowledge of genetic alterations is expected to improve management of this tumour. Copy number alterations are known characteristics of mucosal melanomas both in dogs and humans. The goal of this study was to explore the prognostic value of somatic focal amplifications on chromosomes (Canis Familiaris [CFA]) 10 and 30 in canine oral melanoma. The cohort included 73 dogs with oral melanoma confirmed by histology, removed surgically without adjuvant therapy and with a minimal follow-up of 6 months. Epidemiological, clinical and histological data were collected and quantitative-PCR were performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples to identify specific focal amplifications. The 73 dogs included in the study had a median survival time of 220 days. Focal amplifications on CFA 10 and 30 were recurrent (49.3% and 50.7% of cases, respectively) and CFA 30 amplification was significantly associated with the amelanotic phenotype (P = .046) and high mitotic index (MI; P = .0039). CFA 30 amplification was also linked to poor prognosis (P = .0005). Other negative prognostic factors included gingiva location (P = .003), lymphadenomegaly (P = .026), tumour ulceration at diagnosis (P = .003), MI superior to 6 mitoses over 10 fields (P = .001) and amelanotic tumour (P = .029). In multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazards regression, CFA 30 amplification (Hazard ratio [HR] = 2.08; P = .011), tumour location (HR = 2.20; P = .005) and histological pigmentation (HR = 1.87; P = .036) were significantly associated with shorter survival time. Focal amplification of CFA 30 is linked to an aggressive subset and constitutes a new prognostic factor.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of somatic focal amplifications on chromosome 30 in canine oral melanoma

Prouteau

Chocteau

Brito

et al. 2019

Vet Comparative Oncology

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“…The risk of developing mucosal melanoma rises with age, and most of the patients are over 60 years of age (median age of diagnosis is 70 years). The incidence of mucosal melanoma is only twice as high in Caucasian individuals as in the African American population, while in the case of skin melanoma, this ratio is 16 to 1 [7]. Skin melanoma occurs more often in men than it does in women, and the frequency of occurrence of mucosal melanoma is 87% higher in women than it is in men, which is probably related to a greater percentage of melanoma of the reproductive organs in women [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No relationship with ultraviolet radiation has been proven, and viral aetiology has also been excluded (within it -a relationship with SMV, EBV, HPV, or HSV) [9][10][11]. However, a greater percentage of individuals with history of formaldehyde exposure develop mucosal melanoma, as well as those who smoke tobacco (melanoma of the oral cavity), which may indicate the mutagenic effect of these two factors as well as an influence on the development of the illness [3,7,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal melanoma — clinical presentation and treatment based on a case series

Napierała

Czarnecka

2019

Oncol Clin Pract

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Melanoma is malignant disease originating from melanocytes (pigment cells that occur mainly in the skin and constitute a type of defence from ultraviolet radiation). Melanocytes also occur outside of the skin (among others -in the eyeball, the mucosal lining of the digestive tract from the oral cavity to the anus, the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses, and the urinary and reproductive tracts). Many known cases of melanoma in the aforementioned locations exist.The main factor responsible for the development of skin melanoma is ultraviolet radiation. In the case of mucosal melanoma, aetiological factors are still unknown. Mucosal melanoma most often develops in places that are hidden and not accessible through standard testing. Therefore, the disease develops without any signs for a long period of time before the proper diagnosis is established (usually at a disseminated stage, at a point where no successful localised treatment can be applied), which, in combination with a more aggressive course in comparison to more typical locations (the skin, the eyeball), a different sensitivity to systemic treatment (usually the lack of a mutation in the BRAF gene), and the lack of a separate standardised treatment procedure, is the cause of worse outcomes and poor prognosis.Mucosal melanomas occur very rarely (about 1.5 % of all melanomas); however, the knowledge that a melanoma may also develop in locations that are often omitted during routine examination (the anus, the oral cavity, the urogenital region), may increase the chances of early diagnosis and attaining better treatment results.In this paper, a brief description of the characteristics of mucosal melanoma is presented, along with a presentation of the most common locations, symptoms, diagnostic possibilities, and available treatment (including immunotherapy). Based on the available literature and personal experience, several cases of patients treated in the Institute of Oncology are described.

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“…A radiação UV é um dos principais fatores etiológicos do melanoma cutâneo sendo a principal a UVB, que é absorvida pela epiderme gerando moléculas reativas (radicais livres) que podem lesionar os ácidos nucleicos ou proteínas promovendo a iniciação tumoral. Os principais determinantes genéticos são as mutações protooncogênicas B-Raf (BRAF), neurofibromina 1 (NF1) e NRAS, cuja alta carga de mutação está associado à exposição crônica à radiação ultravioleta [10]. [20].…”

Section: Melanomaunclassified

Estabelecimento de linhagens celulares de melanoma canino e transdução com vetores adenovirais aprimorados

Silva¹

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pelos ensinamentos, discussões, ideias, direcionamentos e por estar SEMPRE presente. Por ter me recebido em seu grupo, concedido essa incrível oportunidade e por ter confiado em mim. Obrigada por ter me tornado a pesquisadora que sou hoje.Aos alunos e funcionários do ICESP e da Faculdade de Medicina da USP pela incessante colaboração. Á FAPESP pelo financiamento imprescindível para a elaboração e desenvolvimento deste projeto.Aos professores Roger Chammas e Luisa Villa, por serem exemplos de profissionais que eu desejo alcançar.Aos pesquisadores e amigos Daniela, Rodrigo, Marlous, Paulo, Samir, Aline, Igor, Otto, Ruan, Nayara, Nadine, Fernanda e Otavio pelo treinamento, apoio, conselhos, discussões e cafés. Sem vocês este projeto não seria possível. pela colaboração e excelentes discussões e ideias. À minha amiga e sócia Simone Crestoni, pelo incentivo, apoio, por suportar minhas ausências tantas vezes, por ter sido a responsável por abrir as portas para essa jornada e por continuar me fazendo amar a pesquisa. À minha família Marlene, Osmar, Alessandra e Rodrigo por todo amor, carinho, apoio incondicionais, sempre. Ao meu marido Eduardo, pelo amor, compreensão, companheirismo e pela oportunidade maravilhosa de amá-lo. gene TP53 e a avaliação da expressão de genes da via de TP53 induzidos por doxorrubicina e Nutlin-3. RESULTADOS: As quatro linhagens de melanoma canino estabelecidas possuem capacidade tumorigênica e de serem transduzidas pelos vetores adenovirais. Não foram identificadas alterações na sequência do TP53 na região avaliada e a doxorrubicina promoveu aumento da expressão dos transgenes dirigidos pelo promotor PG e a ativação de genes da via de TP53. CONCLUSÕES: A funcionalidade desta plataforma adenoviral aprimorada abre oportunidades para estudos da transferência gênica, incluindo da combinação p19ARF/IFNβ, nas linhagens estabelecidas. Com o sucesso destas análises, teremos um importante modelo experimental a ser utilizado no desenvolvimento de novas terapias para o melanoma. ABSTRACT Silva GRO. Establishment of canine melanoma cell lines and transduction with improved adenoviral vectors [dissertation]. São Paulo: "Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo"; 2019. INTRODUCTION: Melanoma is a cancer of high mortality both in human and veterinary medicine due to the poor response to therapies and the metastatic evolution of the disease. Advances in the field of oncology have shown that agents that target immune system components, as well as molecularly targeted therapies, are very promising for the treatment of melanoma. Our group has developed viral vectors for gene transfer of antitumor factors. The improvement in the adenoviral vector includes the insertion of the RGD tripeptide, which allows a broad transduction tropism, and the use of a p53 responsive promoter to control therapeutic gene expression. Canine melanoma may be considered as an experimental model since it is a spontaneous cancer with biological behavior similar to human melanoma, thus we aim to test our approach, which we call Ad...

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Mucosal Melanoma: a Literature Review

Cited by 131 publications

References 79 publications

Prognostic value of somatic focal amplifications on chromosome 30 in canine oral melanoma

Prognostic value of somatic focal amplifications on chromosome 30 in canine oral melanoma

Mucosal melanoma — clinical presentation and treatment based on a case series

Estabelecimento de linhagens celulares de melanoma canino e transdução com vetores adenovirais aprimorados

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