Mucosal Immunity and Illness Incidence in Elite Rugby Union Players across a Season

Cunniffe, Brian; Griffiths, Hywel; Proctor, Wayne; Davies, Bruce; Baker, Julien S.; Jones, Ken

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181ef9d6b

Cited by 77 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similar results were reported for male and female football players [34,45,55] but a tendency to decreased salivary flow rate and sIgA secretion rate was noted 3 days prior to the infection [34]; moreover, in the female athletes who later acquired URTI, a decreased concentration of sIgA was noted [45]. Also Cunniffe et al [11] found no relation between sIgA concentration and URTI incidence despite the fact that lowest sIgA concentration was noted in the month of highest URTI incidence and that URTI-affected athletes tended to have lower mean sIgA concentration compared with the healthy ones.…”

Section: Relationships Between Siga and Urtisupporting

confidence: 80%

“…No unequivocal conclusions, however, could be drawn from those studies; for example, no significant relationship between URTI and total lysozyme concentration was found in rugby players [11], although the concentrations of lysozyme and of cortisol were negatively correlated. The authors speculated that the immunosuppressive function of cortisol might increase URTI risk [11].…”

Section: Relationships Between Siga and Urtimentioning

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Role of Salivary Immunoglobulin a in the Prevention of the Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Athletes – An Overview

Orysiak¹,

Malczewska-Lenczowska²,

Szyguła³

et al. 2012

Biol Sport

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Section: Relationships Between Siga and Urtisupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Relationships Between Siga and Urtimentioning

confidence: 90%

The Role of Salivary Immunoglobulin a in the Prevention of the Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Athletes – An Overview

Orysiak¹,

Malczewska-Lenczowska²,

Szyguła³

et al. 2012

Biol Sport

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“…4,6 However, we currently cannot confirm a relationship between decreased sIgA responses and the occurrence of subsequent URS. We further found saliva flow rate to explain some of the variation observed in sIgA concentration on an intraindividual basis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…It plays an important role in mucosal immunity and has therefore been described as a first line of defense against pathogens and antigens presented at the mucosa, such as cold-causing viruses. 1,2 While a number of studies have found no relationships between upper respiratory symptoms (URS) and sIgA, 3,4 longer-lasting longitudinal studies have been able to associate preceding decreased resting levels of sIgA with URS. 5,6 Consequently, sIgA has been suggested to be a clinical biomarker to predict incidence of URS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Immunoglobulin A and Upper Respiratory Symptoms During 5 Months of Training in Elite Tetraplegic Athletes

Leicht¹,

Bishop²,

Paulson³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Purpose:Altered autonomic innervation in tetraplegic individuals has been shown to depress certain immune parameters at rest and alter exercise-related salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) responses. The purpose of this study was to examine resting sIgA responses as a function of training load and episodes of upper respiratory symptoms (URS) in elite tetraplegic athletes.Methods:Resting saliva samples were obtained from 14 tetraplegic athletes at 12 predefined time points over 5 months and analyzed for sIgA. Occurrence of self-reported URS and training load was recorded throughout the study’s duration. Regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between sIgA responses and training load. Furthermore, the relationships between sIgA responses and URS occurrence were examined.Results:sIgA secretion rate was negatively correlated with training load (P = .04), which only accounted for 8% of the variance. No significant relationships were found between sIgA responses and subsequent URS occurrence. Finally, sIgA responses did not differ between athletes with and without recorded URS during the study period.Conclusions:In line with findings in ablebodied athletes, negative relationships between sIgA secretion rate and training load were found in tetraplegic athletes. This may explain some of the higher infection risk in wheelchair athletes with a high training load, which has been previously observed in paraplegic athletes. However, the nonsignificant relationship between sIgA responses and URS occurrence brings into question the use of sIgA as a prognostic tool for the early detection of URS episodes in the studied population.

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“…Cunniffe et al 27 , investigating athletes from rugby during 11 months, and Neville et al 28 , monitoring yachtsmen for more than 50 weeks, found that psychological stress can increase the incidence of infections in athletes. In addition, Bishop and Gleeson 29 and Nakamura et al 30 confirmed that the number of URTI episodes tends to increase during competitive periods, corroborating the findings of the present study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carga interna, tolerância ao estresse e infecções do trato respiratório superior em atletas de basquetebol

Freitas

Aoki

Arruda

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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-The present study aimed to investigate the effect of external training load manipulation on internal training load (ITL), stress tolerance (ST) and upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) severity in basketball players during a 19-week macrocycle. The macrocycle was divided into three distinct phases: preparatory phase (P1) and two competitive phases (P2 and P3). The Daily Analysis of Life Demands for Athletes questionnaire (DALDA), for assessment of sources and symptoms of stress, and the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS-21), for evaluation of URTI severity, were used on a weekly basis. The ITL was assessed by Rating of Perceived Exertion (session RPE). There was a decrease in ITL at P3 when compared to P1 and P2 (p < 0.05). A decrease in "better than normal" responses in DALDA for both sources and symptoms of stress was observed at P2 and P3 when compared to P1 (p < 0.05). There was also a significant increase in URTI severity. In addition, significant relationships between ST and URTI were shown at P3, suggesting that stress tolerance may modulate URTI severity. In summary, ETL manipulation induced changes in ITL. However, unlike the initial hypothesis, a decrease in ITL during the competitive period was followed by a decrease in stress tolerance and an increase in URTI severity. Furthermore, the magnitude of stress seems to provoke an increase in URTI severity. Key words: Immunity; Monitoring; Sport; Stress; Training. DALDA, em E2 e E3, comparado com E1 (p < 0,05 Resumo -O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da manipulação das cargas externas sobre a dinâmica da carga interna de treinamento (CIT), a tolerância ao estresse (TE) e a severidade de episódios de infecção do trato respiratório superior (ITRS) em atletas de basquetebol, durante um macrociclo de 19 semanas, dividido em uma etapa preparatória (E1) e duas etapas de competição (E2 e E3). Os instrumentos Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS-21) para o monitoramento das ITRS e o Daily Analysis of Life Demands for Athletes' (DALDA; TE) foram preenchidos semanalmente. A CIT foi aferida a partir da percepção subjetiva de esforço da sessão (PSE da sessão). Foi detectada queda da CIT na E3, quando comparadas às etapas E1 e E2 (p < 0,05), e decréscimo no número de respostas "melhor que o normal" na parte A (fontes de estresse) e na parte B (sintomas de estresse) do

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Mucosal Immunity and Illness Incidence in Elite Rugby Union Players across a Season

Cited by 77 publications

References 31 publications

The Role of Salivary Immunoglobulin a in the Prevention of the Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Athletes – An Overview

The Role of Salivary Immunoglobulin a in the Prevention of the Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Athletes – An Overview

Salivary Immunoglobulin A and Upper Respiratory Symptoms During 5 Months of Training in Elite Tetraplegic Athletes

Carga interna, tolerância ao estresse e infecções do trato respiratório superior em atletas de basquetebol

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