Mucosal barrier status in Atlantic salmon fed marine or plant-based diets supplemented with probiotics

Nadanasabesan, Nimalan; Sørensen, Solveig Lysfjord; Fečkaninová, Adriána; Koščová, Jana; Mudroňová, Dagmar; Gancarčíková, Soňa; Vatsos, Ioannis N.; Bisa, Saraswathy; Kiron, Viswanath; Sørensen, Mette

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737516

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…Moreover, the increase in enterocytes supranuclear vacuolization in the distal intestine from the PAPs groups indicates a further improvement in gut functionality in fish from these groups [ 68 , 69 ]. Enterocytes supranuclear vacuolization, when not extremely exacerbated, represents a normal condition indicating nutrient pinocytotic uptake; however, a strong reduction is usually associated to an inflamed gut, particularly in salmonids [ 70 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the Identification of a Suitable Commercial Diet for Carpione (Salmo carpio, Linnaeus 1758): A Multidisciplinary Study on Fish Performances, Animal Welfare and Quality Traits

Randazzo

Zarantoniello

Secci

et al. 2022

Animals

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Carpione (Salmo carpio, Linnaeus 1758) is an endangered precious endemism of Lake Garda (Northern Italy), the largest Italian lake. To date, several bottlenecks about its culture remain unsolved, including the identification of a proper growth-out diet. The aim of the present study was to test four different grossly isolipidic, isoproteic, and isoenergetic diets in which the main ingredients had a different origin. Specifically, a diet currently used by local farmers for carpione culture, largely based on marine ingredients, was used as control (CTRL), while the other three diets were formulated by partially replacing marine ingredients with plant ones (VEG) or with different percentages of processed animal proteins (PAP1 and PAP2). The feeding trial was run in triplicate, over a three-month period. No significant differences in growth performance among the experimental groups were observed. However, remarkable histological alterations and inflammatory markers upregulation were observed in VEG group, while PAP inclusion played a role in attenuating inflammation and improving nutrient uptake. Fillet analyses highlighted significant differences in marketable traits and flesh fatty acid composition among the experimental groups, including the reduction of polyunsaturated fatty acids related to PAPs inclusion. In conclusion, PAPs used in the present study promoted S. carpio gut health and absorption capacity, while further studies are required to maintain proper quality traits of the final product.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the Identification of a Suitable Commercial Diet for Carpione (Salmo carpio, Linnaeus 1758): A Multidisciplinary Study on Fish Performances, Animal Welfare and Quality Traits

Randazzo

Zarantoniello

Secci

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Our ndings indicate the dietary threonine requirement based on protein retention e ciency of juvenile Nile tilapia to be 16. 30 protein retention e ciency (Aragão et al 2004). Interestingly, here we noted that increased threonine supplementation decreased feed intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, the gills laments epithelium and their secretion in uence adaptation to various disorders of the aquatic environment and optimize gill function (Padra et al 2019; Dang et al 2020). The mucus layer covers the epithelial cells in the gill, mainly secreted by mucous cells (Nimalan et al 2022). The gills are the sensitive organ responsible for respiration and maintaining the optimal osmotic pressure and acid-base balance of bodily uids (Strzyzewska et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary threonine above the requirement for protein synthesis examined at the molecular level stimulates gill mucus cell production in juvenile Nile tilapia

Dalagnol

Furuya

Cruz

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This study investigates the hypothesis that dietary supplementation of threonine above the current recommendation for protein synthesis stimulates gill mucus cell production in juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. During our experiment, six isonitrogenous and isocaloric extruded diets were elaborated with graded threonine levels [8 (control), 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 g kg−1]. Fish (n = 216; 10.78 ± 0.03 g) were randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 12 fish and hand-fed six times a day until apparent satiety. Maximum body weight gain and feed efficiency ratio occurred in fish fed up to 17.71 and 13.73 g kg−1 diet of threonine, respectively. However, gill mucus cell counts were significantly higher in fish fed up to 20 g kg−1 diet of threonine, than that fed diet control (8 g kg−1 diet threonine). The relative expressions of MyoD and MyoG genes were upregulated in fish fed threonine at 16 g kg−1. Second-order polynomial regression analysis of protein retention efficiency gain against dietary threonine levels estimates that the dietary threonine requirement for juvenile Nile tilapia is 16.30 g kg−1 diet (4.89 g 100 g−1 protein). In contrast, a higher threonine level of 20 g kg−1 diet (6.00 g100 g−1 protein) optimizes gill mucus cell counts. This study provides insight into threonine as functional amino acid in tilapia aquaculture.

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“…Functional additives, comprising of a mixture of antioxidant, immunopotentiator, and trace elements, were able to partially eliminate soybean-induced enteritis in Japanese seabass [39]. The addition of probiotics (Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus plantarum) to soybean meal-based (20% of inclusion) diets did not completely prevent the development of enteritis in Atlantic salmon, but enhanced intestinal health [34]. Supplementation with butyrate (0.2% of inclusion) improved gut morphology and mitigated the symptoms of inflammation in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii), and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) that were fed high soybean meal (±30% inclusion) diets [50,51].…”

Section: Impacts Of Alternative Protein Sources On Fish Intestinal An...mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The disturbance was associated with the presence of antinutritional factors in crude soybean meals, especially soya saponins [31]. High levels (±20%) of dietary soybean meal inclusion are still reported to induce enteritis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [32][33][34]; further research has shown that salmonids were not the only fish affected. Signs of soybean-induced enteritis were also recently reported in orange-spotted and hybrid groupers (Epinephelus coioides and E. fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus) [35,36], yellowtail (Seriola dorsalis) [37], Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus) [38,39], and totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) [40].…”

Section: Impacts Of Alternative Protein Sources On Fish Intestinal An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth

Aragão

Gonçalves

Costas

et al. 2022

Animals

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Aquaculture has been challenged to find alternative ingredients to develop innovative feed formulations that foster a sustainable future growth. Given the most recent trends in fish feed formulation on the use of alternative protein sources to decrease the dependency of fishmeal, it is fundamental to evaluate the implications of this new paradigm for fish health and welfare. This work intends to comprehensively review the impacts of alternative and novel dietary protein sources on fish gut microbiota and health, stress and immune responses, disease resistance, and antioxidant capacity. The research results indicate that alternative protein sources, such as terrestrial plant proteins, rendered animal by-products, insect meals, micro- and macroalgae, and single cell proteins (e.g., yeasts), may negatively impact gut microbiota and health, thus affecting immune and stress responses. Nevertheless, some of the novel protein sources, such as insects and algae meals, have functional properties and may exert an immunostimulatory activity. Further research on the effects of novel protein sources, beyond growth, is clearly needed. The information gathered here is of utmost importance, in order to develop innovative diets that guarantee the production of healthy fish with high quality standards and optimised welfare conditions, thus contributing to a sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry.

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Mucosal barrier status in Atlantic salmon fed marine or plant-based diets supplemented with probiotics

Cited by 25 publications

References 154 publications

Towards the Identification of a Suitable Commercial Diet for Carpione (Salmo carpio, Linnaeus 1758): A Multidisciplinary Study on Fish Performances, Animal Welfare and Quality Traits

Towards the Identification of a Suitable Commercial Diet for Carpione (Salmo carpio, Linnaeus 1758): A Multidisciplinary Study on Fish Performances, Animal Welfare and Quality Traits

Dietary threonine above the requirement for protein synthesis examined at the molecular level stimulates gill mucus cell production in juvenile Nile tilapia

Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth

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