Mucormycosis or black fungus is a new fright in India during covid-19 pandemic: Associated risk factors and actionable items

Moona, Amena Ahmed; Islam, Rabiul

doi:10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100153

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The dominance of some Mucorales species, such as Apophysomyces , in Indian soil may further support this hypothesis [ 73 ]. The use of cow dung for therapeutic use is also suspected to be a potential factor since animal manure may act as a source of infection [ 74 , 75 ]. Other potential factors that can increase the risk of CAM are shown in Fig 1 , while Box 1 lists possible measures that can alleviate the potential risk of CAM.…”

Section: Identifying Risk Factors and Implementing Preventive Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19–associated mucormycosis: Evidence-based critical review of an emerging infection burden during the pandemic’s second wave in India

et al. 2021

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), during the second wave in early 2021, has caused devastating chaos in India. As daily infection rates rise alarmingly, the number of severe cases has increased dramatically. The country has encountered health infrastructure inadequacy and excessive demand for hospital beds, drugs, vaccines, and oxygen. Adding more burden to such a challenging situation, mucormycosis, an invasive fungal infection, has seen a sudden surge in patients with COVID-19. The rhino-orbital-cerebral form is the most common type observed. In particular, approximately three-fourths of them had diabetes as predisposing comorbidity and received corticosteroids to treat COVID-19. Possible mechanisms may involve immune and inflammatory processes. Diabetes, when coupled with COVID-19–induced systemic immune change, tends to cause decreased immunity and an increased risk of secondary infections. Since comprehensive data on this fatal opportunistic infection are evolving against the backdrop of a major pandemic, prevention strategies primarily involve managing comorbid conditions in high-risk groups. The recommended treatment strategies primarily included surgical debridement and antifungal therapy using Amphotericin B and selected azoles. Several India-centric clinical guidelines have emerged to rightly diagnose the infection, characterise the clinical presentation, understand the pathogenesis involved, and track the disease course. Code Mucor is the most comprehensive one, which proposes a simple but reliable staging system for the rhino-orbital-cerebral form. A staging system has recently been proposed, and a dedicated registry has been started. In this critical review, we extensively analyse recent evidence and guidance on COVID-19–associated mucormycosis in India.

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Section: Identifying Risk Factors and Implementing Preventive Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19–associated mucormycosis: Evidence-based critical review of an emerging infection burden during the pandemic’s second wave in India

et al. 2021

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“…In the worst scenario, fever, cough, and dyspnea are also reported when the infection reaches the lungs (Serris et al, 2019). As per the reports, more than 10,000 patients have been known to be infected with black fungus (mucormycosis) in different parts of India (Bhuyan, 2021;Moona and Islam, 2021). Statisticians have claimed that steroids useful in curtailing the mortality rate in COVID-19 patients are potential factors for mucormycosis infection (Mehta and Pandey, 2020).…”

Section: Post-covid-19 Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Overview on COVID-19: Future Perspectives

Rana

Tripathi

Kumar

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The outbreak of COVID-19 has proven to be an unprecedented disaster for the whole world. The virus has inflicted billion of lives across the globe in all aspects—physically, psychologically, as well as socially. Compared to the previous strains of β-CoV genera- MERS and SARS, SARS-CoV-2 has significantly higher transmissibility and worst post-recovery implications. A frequent mutation in the initial SARS-CoV-2 strain has been a major cause of mortalities (approx. 3 million deaths) and uncontrolled virulence (approx. 1 billion positive cases). As far as clinical manifestations are concerned, this particular virus has exhibited deleterious impacts on systems other than the respiratory system (primary target organ), such as the brain, hematological system, liver, kidneys, endocrine system, etc. with no promising curatives to date. Lack of emergency treatments and shortage of life-saving drugs has promoted the repurposing of existing therapeutics along with the emergence of vaccines with the combined efforts of scientists and industrial experts in this short span. This review summarizes every detail on COVID-19 and emphasizes undermining the future approaches to minimize its prevalence to the remaining lives.

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“…Therefore, COVID‐19 patients with diabetes mellitus and who had been prescribed immunosuppressant corticosteroid drugs for their treatment are most vulnerable to mucormycosis infection. 6 Also, several unhygienic practices could have contributed to this sudden upsurge of mucormycosis as well.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucormycosis or black fungus infection is a new scare in South Asian countries during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Associated risk factors and preventive measures

Rahman

Islam

Bhuiyan

2021

Journal of Medical Virology

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Mucormycosis or black fungus is a new fright in India during covid-19 pandemic: Associated risk factors and actionable items

Cited by 38 publications

References 6 publications

COVID-19–associated mucormycosis: Evidence-based critical review of an emerging infection burden during the pandemic’s second wave in India

COVID-19–associated mucormycosis: Evidence-based critical review of an emerging infection burden during the pandemic’s second wave in India

A Comprehensive Overview on COVID-19: Future Perspectives

Mucormycosis or black fungus infection is a new scare in South Asian countries during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Associated risk factors and preventive measures

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