Mucin-like glycoproteins linked to the membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor are the major acceptors of sialic acid in a reaction catalyzed by trans-sialidase in metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma cruzi

Schenkman, Sérgio; Ferguson, Michael A. J.; Heise, Norton; Almeida, Maria Lucia Cardoso de; Mortara, Renato Arruda; Yoshida, Nobuko

doi:10.1016/0166-6851(93)90227-o

Cited by 203 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Complementarmente, Cortez cols comprovaram em camundongos, os diferentes graus de infectividade da mucosa gástrica e intestinal por diferentes cepas de T. cruzi, correlacionando esta infectividade com o nível de expressão da molécula gp90, que inversamente regula a penetração do parasita nas células do hospedeiro 16 . Outros trabalhos procuram interpretar a resistência do parasita à digestão ácido-proteásica ao nível gástrico pela presença, em sua superfície, de moléculas protetoras (mucin-like gp 35/50) 49 .…”

Section: Características Bioquímicas Biológicas E Físico-químicasunclassified

Notas sobre o Trypanosoma cruzi e suas características bio-ecológicas, como agente de enfermidades transmitidas por alimentos

Dias

2006

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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A transmissão do Trypanosoma cruzi por via oral (VO) tem caráter habitual no ciclo enzoótico primitivo deste parasita, através da ingestão -por mamíferos suscetíveis -de vetores e reservatórios infectados. No caso do homem, esta transmissão ocorre de maneira esporádica e circunstancial, através de alimentos contaminados com o parasita, principalmente a partir de triatomíneos ou de suas dejeções 13 25 60 . Também, pode ocorrer através da ingestão de carne crua ou mal cozida de caça, ou de alimentos contaminados por urina ou secreção anal de marsupiais infectados, por acidentes em laboratório ou, mesmo, por meio de hábitos primitivos de ingestão de triatomíneos 6 19 26 56 . A presente nota objetiva resgatar as principais informações registradas sobre a transmissão do Trypanosoma cruzi por VO, como subsídio aos esforços para seu melhor conhecimento e prevenção, buscando-se resumir a experiência acumulada e ressaltar alguns aspectos do parasita, mais pertinentes esta modalidade de transmissão. Como pressuposto, admite-se que, no ciclo silvestre, a transmissão oral seguirá sendo uma forma habitual e freqüente de circulação do parasita, independentemente das ações de controle do vetor domiciliado e da seleção de doadores infectados nos bancos de sangue 17 55 58 . Notas sobre o Trypanosoma cruzi e suas características bio-ecológicas, como agente de enfermidades transmitidas por alimentos ABSTRACTExperimental evidence and field observations concerning the oral transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi to human beings and mammalian species are reviewed, confirming its unquestionable occurrence, mainly in the enzootic cycle of the parasite. Several types of foods and carriers of the flagellate have been involved in this transmission route, where the human cases are generally related to infected triatomines and/or natural reservoirs in the proximities of the event. The penetration points of the parasite (mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestinal mucosae) are reviewed, as well as the general anatomic and pathological processes, such as hemorrhagic phenomena, mesenteritis and interstitial hepatitis. In particular, different aspects of the biology and biochemistry of the parasite are analyzed, especially in terms of its epidemiology and the possibilities of the prevention of the oral transmission of Chagas' disease.

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Section: Características Bioquímicas Biológicas E Físico-químicasunclassified

Notas sobre o Trypanosoma cruzi e suas características bio-ecológicas, como agente de enfermidades transmitidas por alimentos

Dias

2006

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…A thick coat of glycoproteins covers the surface of all these developmental stages (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). The major protein components of this coat have been identified as glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) 1 -anchored molecules enriched in Thr, Ser, and Pro residues that serve as a scaffold for the extensive addition of O-glycans (5, 8 -10, 12).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Surface Coat of the Mammal-dwelling Infective Trypomastigote Stage of Trypanosoma cruzi Is Formed by Highly Diverse Immunogenic Mucins

Buscaglia

Campo

Noia

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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115

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A thick coat of mucin-like glycoproteins covers the surface of Trypanosoma cruzi and plays a crucial role in parasite protection and infectivity and host immunomodulation. The appealing candidate genes coding for the mucins of the mammal-dwelling stages define a heterogeneous family termed TcMUC, which comprises up to 700 members, thus precluding a genetic approach to address the protein core identity. Here, we demonstrate by multiple approaches that the TcMUC II genes code for the majority of trypomastigote mucins. These molecules display a variable, non-repetitive, highly O-glycosylated central domain, followed by a short conserved C terminus and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. A simultaneous expression of multiple TcMUC II gene products was observed. Moreover, the C terminus of TcMUC II mucins, but not their central domain, elicited strong antibody responses in patients with Chagas' disease and T. crusi infected animals. This highly diverse coat of mucins may represent a refined parasite strategy to elude the mammalian host immune system.Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas' disease, which is of major medical and economical significance in Latin America (1). The T. cruzi life cycle involves distinct stages in both the mammalian host and the hematophagous insect vector (2). Within the insect, two major developmental forms can be observed: replicative epimastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes. The latter form brings the infection into humans when released on the skin or mucosa after the insect blood meal. Following cell invasion, metacyclic trypomastigotes differentiate into amastigotes, which, after several divisions, transform into cell-derived trypomastigotes, which are then released into the bloodstream. This stage is able to invade a wide variety of nucleated cells, thus propagating the infection.A thick coat of glycoproteins covers the surface of all these developmental stages (3-11). The major protein components of this coat have been identified as glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) 1 -anchored molecules enriched in Thr, Ser, and Pro residues that serve as a scaffold for the extensive addition of O-glycans (5, 8 -10, 12). This particular feature enables their classification as mucin-like proteins by analogy to mammalian mucins (13). Mucins play a key role in parasite protection and infectivity and modulation of the host immune response throughout the T. cruzi life cycle (14 -16). The mucin coat of the cell-derived trypomastigotes (tGPI-mucins) is composed of an undefined mixture of molecules ranging from 60 to 220 kDa (6, 7, 9) and sharing the stage-specific, sialic acid-containing epitope Ssp-3, critical for mammalian cell attachment/invasion (17, 18). tGPI-mucins or their GPI moieties are potent inducers of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages (15,19). Major protective lytic antibodies directed against ␣-galactosyl epitopes present in tGPI-mucins have been described in sera from chronic Chagas' disease patients (6, 7, 9, 11).Recently, substantial informatio...

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“…10 12 Schenkman et al 1993, Previato et al 1994, Acosta-Serrano et al 1995 in fact, contained more than one protein, all with the same molecular mass but with different isolectric pHs (pH 5.5-9.0) as it could be seen in bidimensional polyacrylamide gels (cf. Andrews et al 1984).…”

Section: Properties Of Tc-85mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very abundant molecules, presently mainly on the surface of epimastigotes and metacyclic forms, mucins are members of a family of GPI-anchored, heavily O-glycosylated mucin-like glycoproteins (Schenkman et al 1993, Previato et al 1994, Acosta-Serrano et al 1995. Mucins isolated from epimastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes migrate as 35-43 kDa and 35-50 kDa bands in SDS-PAGE, respectively (Previato et al 1985, Yoshida et al 1989) and as a broad smear (60-200 kDa) when isolated from trypomastigotes (Almeida et al , 1994.…”

Section: Mucinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevant glycoconjugates on the surface of Trypanosoma cruzi

Colli

Alves

1999

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Mucin-like glycoproteins linked to the membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor are the major acceptors of sialic acid in a reaction catalyzed by trans-sialidase in metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma cruzi

Cited by 203 publications

References 37 publications

Notas sobre o Trypanosoma cruzi e suas características bio-ecológicas, como agente de enfermidades transmitidas por alimentos

Notas sobre o Trypanosoma cruzi e suas características bio-ecológicas, como agente de enfermidades transmitidas por alimentos

The Surface Coat of the Mammal-dwelling Infective Trypomastigote Stage of Trypanosoma cruzi Is Formed by Highly Diverse Immunogenic Mucins

Relevant glycoconjugates on the surface of Trypanosoma cruzi

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