MSCs from polytrauma patients: preliminary comparative study with MSCs from elective-surgery patients

Abstract

Background Polytrauma is a major clinical problem due to its impact on morbidity and mortality, especially among the younger population. Its pathophysiology is not completely elucidated, and the study of the involvement of certain cell populations with therapeutic potential, such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), is an area of growing interest, as mesenchymal cells have anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and osteogenic potential. Methods In the present preliminary work, we have evaluated the characteristics of MSCs in terms of proliferation, immunophenotype, cell cycle, clonogenic capacity, and multilineage differentiation ability in a series of 18 patients with polytrauma and compared them to those from otherwise healthy patients undergoing elective spinal surgery. Results MSCs from polytrauma patients displayed higher proliferative potential with significantly higher cumulative population doublings, increased expression of some important cell adhesion molecules (CD105, CD166), and an early pre-osteogenic differentiation ability compared to those of the control group. Conclusions MSCs could potentially be of help in the repair process of polytrauma patients contribute to both cell-tissue repair and anti-inflammatory response. This potential should be further explored in larger studies.

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells in critical‐care patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome

“…In several conditions that may lead to SIRS, as polytrauma or infections, previous works (including ours), have shown that MSCs are activated by the abnormal microenvironment conditions (e.g. hypoxia, inflammatory and apoptotic signals), adapting their baseline properties to potentially restore the tissue homeostasis 48,49 . Activated MSCs can reduce the immune collateral damage by modulating the cytokine storm and immune overactivation.…”

“…hypoxia, inflammatory and apoptotic signals), adapting their baseline properties to potentially restore the tissue homeostasis. 48 , 49 Activated MSCs can reduce the immune collateral damage by modulating the cytokine storm and immune overactivation.…”