2007 IEEE 7th International Symposium on BioInformatics and BioEngineering 2007
DOI: 10.1109/bibe.2007.4375704
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MS Lesions Detection in MRI Using Grouping Artificial Immune Networks

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Cited by 6 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…When it comes to automatic methods, which on the other side aim to exclude human interaction (and consequently reduce the variability), the biggest obstacle is the validation of a certain method prior to its integration in clinical practice ( García-Lorenzo et al, 2013 ). Numerous studies used either synthetic data, which does not provide sufficient proof of robustness in real-world scenarios ( Bricq et al, 2008 , Forbes et al, 2010 , Shiee et al, 2010 , Younis et al, 2007 ). Others considered data that lacks in variability, mainly due to the fact that it comes from a single scanner ( Parry et al, 2002 , Vrenken et al, 2010 , Alfano et al, 2000 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When it comes to automatic methods, which on the other side aim to exclude human interaction (and consequently reduce the variability), the biggest obstacle is the validation of a certain method prior to its integration in clinical practice ( García-Lorenzo et al, 2013 ). Numerous studies used either synthetic data, which does not provide sufficient proof of robustness in real-world scenarios ( Bricq et al, 2008 , Forbes et al, 2010 , Shiee et al, 2010 , Younis et al, 2007 ). Others considered data that lacks in variability, mainly due to the fact that it comes from a single scanner ( Parry et al, 2002 , Vrenken et al, 2010 , Alfano et al, 2000 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hadjiprocopis and Tofts (Hadjiprocopis and Tofts, 2003) included the Cartesian and polar coordinates of the voxel in addition to its intensity information. Younis et al (Younis et al, 2007) added the intensity of the six neighbor voxels into the ANN to include local spatial information in the segmentation, thus avoiding a noisy segmentation. They employed the ANN twice, first to classify the brain tissue in the T1w image and, after removing the CSF, to segment the T2w image and obtain the WML.…”
Section: Supervised Learning Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This method prevents direct comparison of results with those of other methods and overestimates generalization, as the exact same image is used for both testing and training. o Use a noiseless image for training: The noiseless BrainWeb image was employed as the training data (Younis et al, 2007), then the same image with noise was used for testing. This validation also employs the same image to test and train, thus limiting the comparison of their results to those of other methods.…”
Section: Reduced Lesion Load Rangementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Zijdenbos et al (2002) used an MRI intensity feature space that was extended by the tissue probability of the given voxel based in a probabilistic tissue atlas. An alternative way to encode spatial information was proposed by Younis, Soliman, Kabuka, and John (2007), where local neighboring information was included by extending the voxel intensity feature by including the MRI intensity of the six neighboring voxels. An alternative way to encode spatial information was proposed by Younis, Soliman, Kabuka, and John (2007), where local neighboring information was included by extending the voxel intensity feature by including the MRI intensity of the six neighboring voxels.…”
Section: Automated Lesion Segmentation Algorithmsmentioning
confidence: 99%