MRSA and MRSE: is there an answer?

Carbon, C

doi:10.1046/j.1469-0691.2000.00005.x

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(160 reference statements)

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“…The betalactams, tetracycline, sulfonamides and some aminoglycosides have become the first line of antimicrobial agents used for treatment of bovine mastitis in Ethiopia. S. aureus are frequently resistant to other antibiotic agents in clinical use, including β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, rifampin, and mupirocin (Carbon, 2000). The resistance of S. aureus to penicillin G may be attributed to the production of beta lactamase enzyme that inactivates penicillin and closely related antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, risk factors and multidrug resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in selected dairy farms in and around Asella town, Arsi Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia

Elemo¹,

Sisay²,

Shiferaw³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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to estimate the prevalence of multi drug resistance Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis and to assess its associated risk factors in selected dairy farms in and around Asella town, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 384 fresh raw milk samples from dairy cows were examined for mastitis. Milk samples collected from 251 mastitic lactating cows were subjected to bacteriological examinations for isolation and identification of S. aureus. S. aureus isolates were identified from 44.62% (112/251) mastitic milk samples. Higher prevalence rates of S. aureus isolates were recorded in subclinical mastitis ( aureus. All the isolates of S. aureus were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The highest rate of susceptibility was to chloramphenicol (97.5%) followed by gentamycin (95.3%), vancomycin (92.7%), and clindamycin (90.9%). Whereas, the highest rate of resistance among the isolates was against penicillin G (87.3%) followed by tetracycline (82.2%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (69.1%), oxacillin (56.4%), ampicillin (55.1%) and cefoxitin (58.1%). The results of the present study reveal that 65.18% of the isolates were found to be multiple antibiotic resistance phenotypes. Regular antimicrobial sensitivity testing and best practices for achieving hygienic milking should be established.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, risk factors and multidrug resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in selected dairy farms in and around Asella town, Arsi Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia

Elemo¹,

Sisay²,

Shiferaw³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…For example, S. epidermidis, which is a commensal of the skin, has for a long time been regarded as relatively innocuous has now been generally accepted as a pathogen (Vuong and Otto, 2002); mainly as the most frequent cause of catheter-associated sepsis and implant infections (Presterl, et al, 2007). Likewise, S. caprae, another skin commensal, has been implicated in septicaemia, as well as infections of the urinary tract, bones and joints (Shuttleworth et al, 1997); both have also been recorded as meticillin-resistant (Carbon, 2000;Ross et al, 2005). However, other bacteria more widely accepted as pathogenic have also been isolated from mobile phones, including many with a potential for drug resistance: meticillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), meticillin-resistant S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cross-contamination potential of mobile telephones

White

Topping

Humphreys

et al. 2012

Journal of Research in Nursing

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The use of mobile devices for professional, business, educational, personal and social purposes has accelerated exponentially over the last decade. Staff working in health care organisations, and patients and visitors using healthcare settings, understandably want to use mobile technology.Concerns have been raised about safety in terms of interference with equipment, threats to privacy and dignity, yet less policy attention has been paid to infection risks.Healthcare professional students were supplied with smartphones as part of a larger educational project. Devices collected from a sub-sample of students working in operating theatre contexts were sampled to estimate the cross contamination potential of the technology. A longitudinal multiple measures design was used. Under laboratory conditions samples were taken from surfaces using swabbing techniques followed by contact plating. The devices were subsequently cleaned with 70% isopropyl alcohol and returned to the students.All devices demonstrated microbial contamination and over three quarters (86%) polymicrobial contamination. The technique and sites used to sample for microbial contamination influenced the levels of contamination identified. Swabbing alone was less likely to isolate polymicrobial contamination than contact plating, and some microorganisms were isolated only by contact plates and not by swabbing of the same area.The findings from this study demonstrate further research is urgently needed to inform evidencebased infection control policy on the use of personal equipment such as mobile devices in the healthcare settings where contamination may have adverse effects on patients, staff and visitors..

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“…It is alarming that S. aureus strains carrying resistance genes have been isolated from various samples (5,6). There are rising reports regarding CoNS as a cause of disease in immunosuppressive patients and increased prevalence of multiple drug resistant strains (7). Disinfectants and antiseptics are widely used in hospitals and other health care centers as a type of topical and hard-surface practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Antiseptic Resistance Genes among Staphylococcus aureus Colonising Nurses and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Clinical Specimens at Teaching Hospitals in Southwest of Iran

Damavandi

Dehkordi

Dehghan

et al. 2016

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: The wide application of antibiotics and antiseptics for patient therapy and medical equipment and surfaces disinfection has resulted in the emergence of resistant microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) are found as a part of the normal resident flora in human so that up to two-thirds of the healthy populations are permanently or transiently colonized by S. aureus and CoNS. Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic agent particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria. It is widely used for hygienic hand wash to prevent transmission of Staphylococci nosocomial infections. The plasmid-borne qacA/B, qacC, and smr genes confer resistance to cationic antiseptic agents in S. aureus and CoNS. Objectives: The objective of the current study was to characterize the antibiotic resistance and susceptibility to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) in methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative staphylococci (MSCoNS), and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCoNS). Methods: In this study, the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance to Chlorhexidine in 120 Staphylococcal strains were evaluated by disc diffusion and Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) methods, respectively. The MICs of CHG were determined in triplicate by broth micro-dilution, and the presence of mecA, qacA/B, qacC, and smr genes was examined by PCR assay. Results: Of total 60 S. aureus isolates, 51 (85%) were MRSA, and of 60 CoNS, 7 (11.66%) were MRCoNS. The results showed that the MIC

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MRSA and MRSE: is there an answer?

Cited by 41 publications

References 52 publications

Prevalence, risk factors and multidrug resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in selected dairy farms in and around Asella town, Arsi Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia

Prevalence, risk factors and multidrug resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in selected dairy farms in and around Asella town, Arsi Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia

The cross-contamination potential of mobile telephones

Detection of Antiseptic Resistance Genes among Staphylococcus aureus Colonising Nurses and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Clinical Specimens at Teaching Hospitals in Southwest of Iran

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