mRNA vaccines in the prevention and treatment of diseases

Gu, Yangzhuo; Duan, Jiangyao; Yang, Na; Yang, Yuxin; Zhao, Xing

doi:10.1002/mco2.167

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 313 publications

(581 reference statements)

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“…Therapeutic cancer vaccines, including sipuleucel-T, PROSTVAC, and personalized peptide vaccines, have not led to significant survival differences in patient populations [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Newer trials combining vaccines and other agents, the immune response, and ICIs may be able to downgrade the tumor defenses against T cells [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Sipuleucel-T did, however, lead to differences in T cells that were thrice activated in vaccinated patients as compared to placebo groups; therefore, the vaccine may prime patients’ immune response [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Current Systematic Review and Patient Centric Perspectives

Rehman¹,

Nisar

Fatima

et al. 2023

JCM

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Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide, making up 21% of all cancer cases. With 345,000 deaths per year owing to the disease, there is an urgent need to optimize prostate cancer care. This systematic review collated and synthesized findings of completed Phase III clinical trials administering immunotherapy; a current clinical trial index (2022) of all ongoing Phase I–III clinical trial records was also formulated. A total of four Phase III clinical trials with 3588 participants were included administering DCVAC, ipilimumab, personalized peptide vaccine, and the PROSTVAC vaccine. In this original research article, promising results were seen for ipilimumab intervention, with improved overall survival trends. A total of 68 ongoing trial records pooling in 7923 participants were included, spanning completion until June 2028. Immunotherapy is an emerging option for patients with prostate cancer, with immune checkpoint inhibitors and adjuvant therapies forming a large part of the emerging landscape. With various ongoing trials, the characteristics and premises of the prospective findings will be key in improving outcomes in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Current Systematic Review and Patient Centric Perspectives

Rehman¹,

Nisar

Fatima

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 prompted a global effort to develop protective vaccines. mRNA is an attractive form of the vaccine due to the exibility in antigen design and development and production [47][48][49][50][51] . However, effective mRNA vaccines require e cient delivery to cells and high antigen expression levels to induce robust immune responses and long-lasting protective immunity [52] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lyophilization process optimization and molecular dynamics simulation of mRNA-LNPs for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

Jia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Some studies have shown that lyophilization significantly improves the stability of mRNA-LNPs and enables long-term storage at 2–8 ℃. However, there is little research on the lyophilization process of mRNA-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Most previous studies have used empirical lyophilization with only a single lyoprotectant, resulting in low lyophilization efficiency, often requiring 40–100 h. In the present study, an efficient lyophilization method suitable for mRNA-LNPs was designed and optimized, shortening the total length of the lyophilization process to 8–18 h, which significantly reduced energy consumption and production costs. When the mixed lyoprotectant composed of sucrose, trehalose, and mannitol was added to mRNA-LNPs, the eutectic point and collapse temperature of the system were increased. The lyophilized product had a ginger root-shaped rigid structure with large porosity, which tolerated rapid temperature increases and efficiently removed water. In addition, the lyophilized mRNA-LNPs rapidly rehydrated and had good particle size distribution, encapsulation rate, and mRNA integrity. The lyophilized mRNA-LNPs were stable at 2–8 ℃, and they did not reduce immunogenicity in vivo or in vitro. Molecular dynamics simulation was used to compare the phospholipid molecular layer with the lyoprotectant in aqueous and anhydrous environments to elucidate the mechanism of lyophilization to improve the stability of mRNA-LNPs. This efficient lyophilization platform significantly improves the accessibility of mRNA-LNPs.

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“…Second, mRNA therapies are safe compared to viral vector vaccines as they do not incorporate into the host genome, thus avoiding the risk of insertional mutagenesis. Lastly, mRNA vaccines are relatively inexpensive and rapid to synthesize 40 . Altogether, mRNA therapeutics hold great promise for the treatment of various dermatological diseases.…”

Section: Antisense Oligonucleotides (Asos)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dawning of a New Enterprise: RNA Therapeutics for the Skin

Kieser¹,

Khan²,

Bejar³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Despite being under development for decades, RNA therapeutics have only recently emerged as viable platform technologies. The COVID-19 mRNA vaccines have demonstrated the promise and power of the platform technology. In response, novel RNA drugs are entering clinical trials at an accelerating rate. As the skin is the largest and most accessible organ, it has always been a preferred target for drug discovery. This holds true for RNA therapies as well, and multiple candidate RNA-based drugs are currently in development for an array of skin conditions. In this mini review, we catalog the RNA therapies currently in clinical trials for different dermatological diseases. We summarize the main types of RNA-related drugs and use examples of drugs currently in development to illustrate their key mechanism of action.

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mRNA vaccines in the prevention and treatment of diseases

Cited by 20 publications

References 313 publications

Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Current Systematic Review and Patient Centric Perspectives

Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Current Systematic Review and Patient Centric Perspectives

Lyophilization process optimization and molecular dynamics simulation of mRNA-LNPs for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

The Dawning of a New Enterprise: RNA Therapeutics for the Skin

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