mRNA localization in metazoans: A structural perspective

Lazzaretti, D.; Bono, Fulvia

doi:10.1080/15476286.2017.1338231

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…At the final location, mRNA is released from complexes with transport and repressor proteins and becomes available for the translational apparatus [ 241 – 243 ]. For example, in the case of the already mentioned mRNAs encoding human β-actin and yeast ASH1, this release is regulated by phosphorylation of some RNP components that interact with translation factors and prevent initiation of protein synthesis during transportation [ 234 , 244 ].…”

Section: Intracellular Transport Of Mrnas and Their Interaction With Cytoskeletal Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA Targeting, Transport and Local Translation in Eukaryotic Cells: From the Classical View to a Diversity of New Concepts

Lashkevich

Dmitriev

2021

Mol Biol

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Spatial organization of protein biosynthesis in the eukaryotic cell has been studied for more than fifty years, thus many facts have already been included in textbooks. According to the classical view, mRNA transcripts encoding secreted and transmembrane proteins are translated by ribosomes associated with endoplasmic reticulum membranes, while soluble cytoplasmic proteins are synthesized on free polysomes. However, in the last few years, new data has emerged, revealing selective translation of mRNA on mitochondria and plastids, in proximity to peroxisomes and endosomes, in various granules and at the cytoskeleton (actin network, vimentin intermediate filaments, microtubules and centrosomes). There are also long-standing debates about the possibility of protein synthesis in the nucleus. Localized translation can be determined by targeting signals in the synthesized protein, nucleotide sequences in the mRNA itself, or both. With RNA-binding proteins, many transcripts can be assembled into specific RNA condensates and form RNP particles, which may be transported by molecular motors to the sites of active translation, form granules and provoke liquid-liquid phase separation in the cytoplasm, both under normal conditions and during cell stress. The translation of some mRNAs occurs in specialized “translation factories,” assemblysomes, transperons and other structures necessary for the correct folding of proteins, interaction with functional partners and formation of oligomeric complexes. Intracellular localization of mRNA has a significant impact on the efficiency of its translation and presumably determines its response to cellular stress. Compartmentalization of mRNAs and the translation machinery also plays an important role in viral infections. Many viruses provoke the formation of specific intracellular structures, virus factories, for the production of their proteins. Here we review the current concepts of the molecular mechanisms of transport, selective localization and local translation of cellular and viral mRNAs, their effects on protein targeting and topogenesis, and on the regulation of protein biosynthesis in different compartments of the eukaryotic cell. Special attention is paid to new systems biology approaches, providing new cues to the study of localized translation.

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Section: Intracellular Transport Of Mrnas and Their Interaction With Cytoskeletal Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA Targeting, Transport and Local Translation in Eukaryotic Cells: From the Classical View to a Diversity of New Concepts

Lashkevich

Dmitriev

2021

Mol Biol

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“…The chain of interactions linking the motors to the transported mRNAs have been characterised most extensively in Drosophila . These interactions, which are partially conserved in vertebrates have been recently reviewed, and are not discussed in detail here. In mammalian neurons, a number of proteins have been shown to be essential in the formation of mammalian protein‐RNA granules and to their transport in neurites.…”

Section: Local Mrna Translation Is Regulated By Rna‐binding Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it has been shown that, similar to Drosophila , kinesin and dynein motors mediate mRNA transport in mammalian neurons and the actual movement of mRNAs and proteins has been described in detail in a number of pioneering studies. However, we have only rudimentary information on the molecular connections between the RNA‐binding proteins and the motors . Probably the best characterised of these interactions is the one between the RNA‐binding protein ZBP1 and the kinesin KIF11.…”

Section: Local Mrna Translation Is Regulated By Rna‐binding Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How RNA‐binding proteins regulating mRNA local translations in mammalian neurons recognise the mRNA targets in a coordinated fashion is still largely to be investigated at the molecular and structural level. However, in Drosophila the structures of a few protein‐protein‐RNA complexes have exemplified how specific protein–protein interactions may expand RNA recognition . For example, in Pumilio (Pum)‐Nanos (Nos) recognition of hunchback and CyclinB mRNAs, binding of Nos increases the affinity of Pum for the RNA and extends the RNA recognition surface .…”

Section: Protein‐rna Regulation Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Joining the dots – protein‐RNA interactions mediating local mRNA translation in neurons

Gallagher

Ramos

2018

FEBS Letters

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Establishing and maintaining the complex network of connections required for neuronal communication requires the transport and in situ translation of large groups of mRNAs to create local proteomes. In this Review, we discuss the regulation of local mRNA translation in neurons and the RNA-binding proteins that recognise RNA zipcode elements and connect the mRNAs to the cellular transport networks, as well as regulate their translation control. However, mRNA recognition by the regulatory proteins is mediated by the combinatorial action of multiple RNA-binding domains. This increases the specificity and affinity of the interaction, while allowing the protein to recognise a diverse set of targets and mediate a range of mechanisms for translational regulation. The structural and molecular understanding of the interactions can be used together with novel microscopy and transcriptome-wide data to build a mechanistic framework for the regulation of local mRNA translation.

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“…2017; Lazzaretti and Bono, 2017;Teimouri et al, 2017). By contrast, only a handful of examples for mRNA localization have been observed in plants.…”

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confidence: 99%

mRNA Localization in Plant Cells

et al. 2019

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Localization of mRNAs at the subcellular level is an essential mechanism for specific protein targeting and local control of protein synthesis in both eukaryotes and bacteria. While mRNA localization is well documented in metazoans, somatic cells, and microorganisms, only a handful of well-defined mRNA localization examples have been reported in vascular plants and algae. This review summarizes the function and mechanism of mRNA localization and highlights recent studies of mRNA localization in vascular plants. While the emphasis focuses on storage protein mRNA localization in rice endosperm cells, information on targeting of RNAs to organelles (chloroplasts and mitochondria) and plasmodesmata is also discussed. WHAT IS MRNA LOCALIZATION? Localization of mRNAs was initially discovered in the 1980s, when b-actin mRNA was found to be asymmetrically distributed in ascidian eggs and embryos (Jeffery et al., 1983). This nonuniform spatial distribution pattern was later observed for maternal mRNAs in Xenopus (Rebagliati et al., 1985) and Drosophila oocytes (Frigerio et al., 1986; Berleth et al., 1988) and supported the proposal of prelocalized RNA during early development (Davidson, 1971; Kandler-Singer and Kalthoff, 1976). Subsequently, mRNA localization was observed in a variety of somatic cells such as fibroblasts (Lawrence and Singer, 1986), oligodendrocytes (Trapp et al., 1997), and neurons (Garner et al., 1988). Today, mRNA localization is prevalent in bacteria, yeast, algae, vascular plants, and metazoans and, therefore, is an ancient, universal, evolutionarily conserved mechanism. Our understanding of mRNA localization stems mainly from research in Xenopus, Drosophila, budding yeast, fungi, and structurally polarized animal cells

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mRNA localization in metazoans: A structural perspective

Cited by 16 publications

References 132 publications

mRNA Targeting, Transport and Local Translation in Eukaryotic Cells: From the Classical View to a Diversity of New Concepts

mRNA Targeting, Transport and Local Translation in Eukaryotic Cells: From the Classical View to a Diversity of New Concepts

Joining the dots – protein‐RNA interactions mediating local mRNA translation in neurons

mRNA Localization in Plant Cells

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