mRNA expression of tachykinins and tachykinin receptors in different human tissues

Pinto, Francisco M.; Almeida, Teresa; Hernández, Mariano; Devillier, Philippe; Advenier, C.; Candenas, Luz

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.05.016

Cited by 101 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…A few porcine tissues (liver, spleen) were characterised by a very low, or undetectable, expression of NK1R. The same results were obtained in human and rat tissue (Vigna et al 1994;Pinto et al 2004). The high levels of NK1R expression in the pituitary gland, confirmed also in the rat anterior pituitary (Larsen et al 1989), suggests that it may play an important role in regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (Nussdorfer and Malendowicz 1998).…”

Section: Oryctolagus Cuniculus Nk2r Sus Scrofa Nk2rsupporting

confidence: 71%

Characterisation, localisation and expression of porcine TACR1, TACR2 and TACR3 genes

Jakimiuk¹,

Podlasz²,

Chmielewska-Krzesińska³

et al. 2017

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Substance P is involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. This functional diversity is mediated by three neurokinin receptor subtypes (NK1R, NK2R and NK3R) encoded by the TACR1, TACR2 and TACR3 genes, respectively. Despite the increasing interest in using pigs (Sus scrofa) to study human disease mechanisms, the sequences of these receptors are still unconfirmed or in the case of the NK1 receptor, not yet even unpredicted. We employed in silico analysis to define the localisation of the porcine tachykinin receptor genes, and to predict the structures and amino acid sequences of the respective proteins. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was performed to analyse the expression of tachykinin receptor genes in different porcine tissues. The data show that the TACR1 gene is located on chromosome 3, TACR2 on chromosome 14 and TACR3 on chromosome 8. All three genes encode proteins with structures that incorporate features of G-protein-coupled receptors with sizes of 407, 381 and 464 amino acids, respectively. The receptors display a high degree of similarity to other mammalian neurokinin receptors. The NK1R subtype is expressed in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, while NK2R expression seems to be localised mostly to peripheral tissues. The expression of NK3R is found mainly in the central nervous system. This report provides for the first time the results of a comprehensive analysis of the structure and distribution of porcine NK1R, as well as other porcine neurokinin receptors and their genes. We hope that our data may offer an invaluable foundation for the future studies on the function of diverse tachykinin peptides in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues.

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Section: Oryctolagus Cuniculus Nk2r Sus Scrofa Nk2rsupporting

confidence: 71%

Characterisation, localisation and expression of porcine TACR1, TACR2 and TACR3 genes

Jakimiuk¹,

Podlasz²,

Chmielewska-Krzesińska³

et al. 2017

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…The first identified preprotachykinin-A (PPTA; Tac1) gene encodes substance P (SP) and Neurokinin-A (NKA). This gene is expressed predominantly in sensory neurons, inflammatory and immune cells [40]. SP and NKA exert a variety of effects under both normal and pathophysiological conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Pituitary Adenylate-Cyclase Activating Polypeptide and Tac1 gene derived tachykinins in sensory, motor and vascular functions under normal and neuropathic conditions

et al. 2013

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a b s t r a c tPituitary Adenylate-Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Tac1 gene-encoded tachykinins (substance P: SP, neurokinin A: NKA) are expressed in capsaicin-sensitive nerves, but their role in nociception, inflammation and vasoregulation is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the function of these neuropeptides and the NK 1 tachykinin receptor (from Tacr1 gene) in the partial sciatic nerve ligationinduced traumatic mononeuropathy model using gene deficient (PACAP −/− , Tac1 −/− , and Tacr1 −/− ) mice. Mechanonociceptive threshold of the paw was measured with dynamic plantar aesthesiometry, motor coordination with Rota-Rod and cutaneous microcirculation with laser Doppler imaging. Neurogenic vasodilation was evoked by mustard oil stimulating sensory nerves. In wildtype mice 30-40% mechanical hyperalgesia developed one week after nerve ligation, which was not altered in Tac1−/− and Tacr1mice, but was absent in PACAP −/− animals. Motor coordination of the PACAP −/− and Tac1 −/− groups was significantly worse both before and after nerve ligation compared to their wildtypes, but it did not change in Tacr1−/− mice. Basal postoperative microcirculation on the plantar skin of PACAP −/− mice did not differ from the wildtypes, but was significantly lower in Tac1 −/− and Tacr1 −/− ones. In contrast, mustard oil-induced neurogenic vasodilation was significantly smaller in PACAP −/− mice, but not in Tacr1 −/− and Tac1 −/− animals. Both PACAP and SP/NKA, but not NK 1 receptors participate in normal motor coordination. Tachykinins maintain basal cutaneous microcirculation. PACAP is a crucial mediator of neuropathic mechanical hyperalgesia and neurogenic vasodilation. Therefore identifying its target and developing selective, potent antagonists, might open promising new perspectives for the treatment of neuropathic pain and vascular complications.

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“…However, more recently, mRNA encoding the NK 3 R was identified by RT-PCR in human bronchi (48), although the specific lung cell type on which the NK 3 R is expressed is unclear. The NK 1 R and NK 2 R proteins were immunohistochemically detected in human bronchial smooth muscle of central airways, but the presence of the NK 3 R protein was not evaluated (34).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and coupling of neurokinin receptor subtypes to inositol phosphate and calcium signaling pathways in human airway smooth muscle cells

Mizuta

Gallos

Zhu

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Emala CW Sr. Expression and coupling of neurokinin receptor subtypes to inositol phosphate and calcium signaling pathways in human airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 294: L523-L534, 2008. First published January 18, 2008 doi:10.1152/ajplung.00328.2007.-Neuropeptide tachykinins (substance P, neurokinin A, and neurokinin B) are present in peripheral terminals of sensory nerve fibers within the respiratory tract and cause airway contractile responses and hyperresponsiveness in humans and most mammalian species. Three subtypes of neurokinin receptors (NK 1R, NK2R, and NK3R) classically couple to G q protein-mediated inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) synthesis and liberation of intracellular Ca 2ϩ , which initiates contraction, but their expression and calcium signaling mechanisms are incompletely understood in airway smooth muscle. All three subtypes were identified in native and cultured human airway smooth muscle (HASM) and were subsequently overexpressed in HASM cells using a human immunodeficiency virus-1-based lentivirus transduction system. Specific NKR agonists {NK 1R, [Sar 9 ,Met(O2) 11 ]-substance P; NK 2 R, [␤-Ala 8 ]-neurokinin A(4 -10); NK 3 R, senktide} stimulated inositol phosphate synthesis and increased intracellular Ca 2ϩ concentration ([Ca 2ϩ ]i) in native HASM cells and in HASM cells transfected with each NKR subtype. These effects were blocked by NKR-selective antagonists (NK 1R, L-732138; NK2R, GR-159897; NK 3R, SB-222200). The initial transient and sustained phases of increased [Ca 2ϩ ]i were predominantly inhibited by the IP3 receptor antagonist 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) or the store-operated Ca 2ϩ channel antagonist SKF-96365, respectively. These results show that all three subtypes of NKRs are expressed in native HASM cells and that IP 3 levels are the primary mediators of NKR-stimulated initial [Ca 2ϩ ] i increases, whereas store-operated Ca 2ϩ channels mediate the sustained phase of the [Ca 2ϩ ]i increase. intracellular calcium; ryanodine; actin; myosin; lentivirus TACHYKININS ARE STORED AND RELEASED from unmyelinated pulmonary C fibers in airways (8,30,31,44) and evoke inflammatory peripheral effects including vasodilation, plasma extravasation, leukocyte adhesion, facilitation of cholinergic neurotransmission, and epithelial cell secretion in the airways (1, 12, 16), which are referred to as neurogenic inflammation. Local release of tachykinins from peripheral sensory nerves may also lead to airway contractile responses and hyperresponsiveness in human and most mammalian species (32, 42). At least three subtypes of neurokinin receptors (NK 1 R, NK 2 R, and NK 3 R) have been characterized, which exhibit preferential affinity for the endogenous neuropeptides substance P, neurokinin A, and neurokinin B, respectively (33). All three receptor subtypes are members of the seven-transmembrane domain receptor superfamily that couple to G q proteins (50).Classically, the expression of NK 1 R and NK 2 R has been described in both the nervous system and p...

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mRNA expression of tachykinins and tachykinin receptors in different human tissues

Cited by 101 publications

References 50 publications

Characterisation, localisation and expression of porcine TACR1, TACR2 and TACR3 genes

Characterisation, localisation and expression of porcine TACR1, TACR2 and TACR3 genes

Role of Pituitary Adenylate-Cyclase Activating Polypeptide and Tac1 gene derived tachykinins in sensory, motor and vascular functions under normal and neuropathic conditions

Expression and coupling of neurokinin receptor subtypes to inositol phosphate and calcium signaling pathways in human airway smooth muscle cells

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