MRI signs of CNS demyelinating diseases

Etemadifar, Masoud; Ashourizadeh, Helia; Nouri, Hosein; Kargaran, Parisa K; Salari, Mehri; Rayani, Milad; Aghababaee, Ali; Abhari, Amir Parsa

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102665

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Signal increases are expected in the medial temporal lobe, brain stem, cerebellum, and/or subcortical regions in fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and T2-weighted images in patients. [18][19][20] In the study of Rutatangwa et al, 21 MRI findings were found in 4 of 11 children diagnosed with AE. About half of our patients had MRI findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Determination of Clinical, Electrophysiological, and Radiological Characteristics of Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalopathy

Güngör

Öztürk

Deniz

et al. 2023

Journal of Pediatric Neurology

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Autoimmune encephalopathy (AE) is a group of diseases with subacute onset, that represents a wide clinical spectrum, manifested by complex neuropsychiatric symptoms and signs. In this study, the data of 27 patients diagnosed and followed up in our clinic with the diagnosis of AE between 2011 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. Out of 27 patients, 6 were definite seropositive AE, 2 of them met the diagnostic criteria for limbic encephalitis, and the remaining 19 were probable AE. Nowadays, we see AEs with increasing frequency. While there is a generally established approach in the diagnosis and treatment of seropositive patients, there are still hesitations and diagnostic difficulties in seronegative AEs. In this study, clinical, radiological, and prognostic features of definite and probable AE patients diagnosed in a tertiary pediatric neurology clinic were documented. It is thought that pediatric neurologists have an important responsibility to increase awareness about AE in pediatricians. In the future, it is predicted that AE will be diagnosed more frequently with new antibodies and one has to differentiate it from viral encephalitis and neuropsychiatric syndromes and diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Determination of Clinical, Electrophysiological, and Radiological Characteristics of Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalopathy

Güngör

Öztürk

Deniz

et al. 2023

Journal of Pediatric Neurology

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“…The early lesions observed are atypical for multiple sclerosis (MS) as they are almost confined in the splenium of the corpus callosum and not prominently distributed in the vicinity of the lateral ventricles [10] . The absence of gray matter lesions, lack of prior infection, and the age of the patient also make ADEM somewhat atypical [11] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of intravascular lymphoma presenting with a lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum

Masuzawa

Suzuki

Amemiya

et al. 2023

Radiology Case Reports

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“…Symmetry, confluence, and sparing of some structures (U-fibers, corpus callosum, spinal cord, and juxtacortical WM) were inconsistent with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. 2 JC virus-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy was also unlikely, given that our patient has never been immunosuppressed. 3 Both drug abuse (heroin and methanol) and exposure to radiotherapy/chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil and methotrexate) may cause confluent, symmetrical WM abnormalities 1 ; however, such etiologies were implausible in our patient.…”

Section: Sectionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Sectionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Clinical Reasoning: A Young Man With Subacute Onset of Spastic Paraparesis

et al. 2023

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Leukodystrophies are a group of rare, neurodegenerative disorders, usually presenting in infancy with of a variable combination of cognitive, motor and coordination impairment. Adult-onset cases are even more rare, often representing a diagnostic challenge even for experienced neurologists. Here, we present a case of 44-year-old man with subacute and rapidly progressive spastic paraplegia, whose brain MRI revealed white matter abnormalities compatible with a diagnosis of leukodystrophy. We discuss how to apply a simplified diagnostic algorithm to distinguish acquired leukoencephalopathies from leukodystrophies, and how to delve in the maze of the genetic testing for white matter diseases. In our patient, we reached the diagnosis of a treatable disorder, whose early recognition is essential in order to prevent severe neurological deterioration.

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MRI signs of CNS demyelinating diseases

Cited by 17 publications

References 64 publications

Determination of Clinical, Electrophysiological, and Radiological Characteristics of Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalopathy

Determination of Clinical, Electrophysiological, and Radiological Characteristics of Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalopathy

A case of intravascular lymphoma presenting with a lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum

Clinical Reasoning: A Young Man With Subacute Onset of Spastic Paraparesis

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