MRI of brachial plexopathies

Sureka, Jyoti; Cherian, Rekha; Alexander, Mathew; Thomas, Binu P.

doi:10.1016/j.crad.2008.08.011

Cited by 103 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Последние годы МР-томография (МРТ) все чаще применяется для визуализации плече-вого сплетения при различных наследственных и при-обретенных состояниях [44,45]. В России рутинная МР-визуализация нервных стволов в целях диагности-ки и дифференциальной диагностики по-прежнему используется недостаточно.…”

Section: инструментальная диагностикаunclassified

Thoracic outlet syndrome: clinical and diagnostic features

Муртазина¹,

Никитин²,

Наумова³

2017

Neuromuscular Diseases

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Section: инструментальная диагностикаunclassified

Thoracic outlet syndrome: clinical and diagnostic features

Муртазина¹,

Никитин²,

Наумова³

2017

Neuromuscular Diseases

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“…These are contiguous or noncontiguous spread of breast, lung, and neck cancers; lymphoma; leukemia; melanoma; gastrointestinal and genitourinary carcinomas; and neurolymphomatosis. 1,2,11 Metastases from breast and lung cancers are more common (Figs 6 and 7). Metastasis from breast cancer is the most common, occurring mainly by lymphatic spread.…”

Section: Extrinsic Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In preganglionic injuries, root avulsion, pseudomeningocele, enhancement of the root exit zone or intradural roots, spinal cord signal-intensity changes at the level of root avulsion, avulsion of the spinal cord, and signalintensity changes of the paraspinal muscles can be seen (Figs 2-5). 1,12,[18][19][20] Pseudomeningocele and signal-intensity changes of the spinal cord and paraspinal muscles are indirect signs of preganglionic injuries. However, pseudomeningoceles may occur alone without root avulsion in 15% of the cases, and conversely, 20% of avulsed roots will not have a pseudomeningocele.…”

Section: Traumatic Brachial Plexopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Other rare primary tumors invading or compressing the BPL are fibromatosis, lipoma, perineuroma, myositis ossificans, ganglioneuroma, hemangioma, lymphangioma, and sarcomas. 1,11,24,25 Fibromatosis is the most common benign tumor, followed by lipoma and perineurioma. Fibromatosis is a locally aggressive extra-abdominal desmoid tumor appearing as isointense to muscle on T1WI and hyperintense but inhomogeneous on T2WI due to fibrous parts with marked enhancement and infiltrative margins.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2,11,25,[27][28][29] Brachial plexitis is more commonly seen in men between 30 and 70 years of age and is bilateral in 10%-30% of patients. 29,30 MR imaging findings in brachial plexitis (idiopathic, viral, immune-mediated, or Lyme disease) are rarely reported, ranging from normal 28,31 to mild thickening of the BPL and hyperintensity on T2WI with/without enhancement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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MR Imaging Findings in Brachial Plexopathy with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Aralaşmak¹,

Karaali̇²,

Çevi̇kol³

et al. 2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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SUMMARY:The BPL is a part of the peripheral nervous system. Many disease processes affect the BPL. In this article, on the basis of 60 patients, we reviewed MR imaging findings of subjects with brachial plexopathy. Different varieties of BPL lesions are discussed.ABBREVIATIONS: AA ϭ axillary artery; ABD ϭ abduction; ADs ϭ anterior divisions; AS ϭ anterior scalene muscle; AV ϭ axillary vein; BPL ϭ brachial plexus; CC ϭ costoclavicular space; CL ϭ clavicula; EMG, electromyelography; I ϭ inferior trunk; IS ϭ interscalene triangular space; LC ϭ lateral cord; M ϭ middle trunk; MC ϭ medial cord; MRA ϭ MR angiography; MRV ϭ MR venography; MS ϭ middle scalene; NEU ϭ neutral; PC ϭ posterior cord; PDs ϭ posterior divisions; PET ϭ positron-emission tomography; PMA ϭ pectoralis major muscle; PMI ϭ pectoralis minor muscle; RP ϭ retropectoralis minor space; S ϭ superior trunk; SA ϭ subclavian artery; STIR ϭ short tau inversion recovery; SV ϭ subclavian vein; T1WI ϭ T1-weighted imaging; T2WI ϭ T2-weighted imaging; TOS ϭ thoracic outlet syndrome; TSE ϭ turbo spin-echo M any disease processes affect the BPL, and the common lesions can vary according to the age of subjects. In neonates and adolescents, traumatic injury is common. In middle-aged and older individuals, intrinsic and extrinsic tumors of the BPL, cervical spondylosis, TOS, and inflammatory plexopathy (idiopathic, infectious, radiation-induced, immunemediated, and toxic) are common. On the basis of 60 patients, we reviewed MR imaging findings of subjects with brachial plexopathy. Different varieties of BPL lesions and imaging techniques are discussed. Anatomy of the BPLThe BPL is a part of the peripheral nervous system, responsible for innervation of the shoulder, upper extremity and upper chest muscles, and cutaneous nerves of the skin and hand, with branches to the phrenic nerve (C3-C5) for diaphragm movement and to the sympathetic ganglia via the C8 and T1 nerves. In the cervicothoracobrachial region, the BPL courses superior and posterior to the subclavian artery and vein. The subclavian vein is located at the most anterior extent, anteroinferior to the anterior scalene muscle. The subclavian artery extends along the floor of the interscalene triangle between the anterior and middle scalene muscles. The BPL has 5 segments: roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and terminal branches. The supraclavicular plexus includes roots and trunks. Through the neural foramina, roots of the BPL extend into the interscalene region, forming the superior (C5 and C6), middle (C7), and inferior (C8 and T1) trunks at the lateral border of middle scalene muscles. The retroclavicular plexus is located in the costoclavicular space, posterior to the clavicle and above the subclavian artery and vein, including the anterior and posterior division of the trunks. The infraclavicular plexus is situated in the retropectoralis minor space, lateral to the first rib, posterior to pectoralis muscles, and above the axillary artery and vein, including the 3 (medial, lateral, and posterior) cords and term...

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Brachial and lumbosacral plexus

2015

Atlas of Small Animal CT and MRI

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MRI of brachial plexopathies

Cited by 103 publications

References 17 publications

Thoracic outlet syndrome: clinical and diagnostic features

Thoracic outlet syndrome: clinical and diagnostic features

MR Imaging Findings in Brachial Plexopathy with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Brachial and lumbosacral plexus

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