MRI in myopathy

Lovitt, Steven; Marden, Franklin A.; Gündoğdu, Betül; Ostrowski, Mary L.

doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2004.03.008

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…The use of muscle MRI has been researched extensively in patients with neuromuscular disorders, especially in adults and in patients with inflammatory myopathies. 28,52,73 In children, MRI is capable of detecting neuromuscular disorders, 15,56 but no prospective studies have yet been performed. An advantage of both MRI and CT compared to ultrasound is their ability to visualize deeper muscles, especially when overlying muscles are severely affected.…”

Section: Muscle Ultrasound Compared To Other Diagnostic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle ultrasound in neuromuscular disorders

2008

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Muscle ultrasound is a useful tool in the diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders, as these disorders result in muscle atrophy and intramuscular fibrosis and fatty infiltration, which can be visualized with ultrasound. Several prospective studies have reported high sensitivities and specificities in the detection of neuromuscular disorders. Although not investigated in large series of patients, different neuromuscular disorders tend to show specific changes on muscle ultrasound, which can be helpful in differential diagnosis. For example, Duchenne muscular dystrophy results in a severe, homogeneous increase of muscle echo intensity with normal muscle thickness, whereas spinal muscular atrophy shows an inhomogeneous increase of echo intensity with severe atrophy. A major advantage of muscle ultrasound, compared to other imaging techniques, is its ability to visualize muscle movements, such as muscle contractions and fasciculations. This study reviews the possibilities and limitations of ultrasound in muscle imaging and its value as a diagnostic tool in neuromuscular disorders.

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Section: Muscle Ultrasound Compared To Other Diagnostic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle ultrasound in neuromuscular disorders

2008

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“…Only muscle biopsy can establish the definite diagnosis [45,46], but muscle inflammation may be spotty and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies range from focal varieties confined to a single muscle to diffuse forms [46]. Thus, MRI has been proposed to better guide a biopsy in an area of active disease [1,24,46,47] given the false-negative rate of 10-25% without imaging guidance [48][49][50]. Whole-body MRI [48] further improves the diagnostic utility.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-specificity of morphology Muscular diseases are a heterogeneous group with a difficult differential diagnosis, because most myopathies result in predominantly proximal muscle weakness, and almost no symptoms are diagnostic of a specific myopathy [1]. Muscles can react morphologically in a limited number of ways: Morphological imaging can describe edema-like, lipomatous, and atrophic changes of muscular tissue [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscles can react morphologically in a limited number of ways: Morphological imaging can describe edema-like, lipomatous, and atrophic changes of muscular tissue [1]. However, these signs are often not disease-specific, given the large variability in the distribution of muscles affected within the same condition and the observation that selective changes can result from different myopathies [1]. Thus, the hope that patterns of muscle involvement might prove diagnostic of specific myopathies had to be dispelled [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these signs are often not disease-specific, given the large variability in the distribution of muscles affected within the same condition and the observation that selective changes can result from different myopathies [1]. Thus, the hope that patterns of muscle involvement might prove diagnostic of specific myopathies had to be dispelled [1]. This might be one reason why clinicians assign radiology a subsidiary role in the management of muscular diseases [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative evaluation of muscle perfusion with CEUS and with MR

2007

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Functional imaging might increase the role of imaging in muscular diseases, since alterations of muscle morphology alone are not specific for a particular disease. Perfusion, i.e., the blood flow per tissue and time unit including capillary flow, is an important functional parameter. Pathological changes of skeletal muscle perfusion can be found in various clinical conditions, such as degenerative or inflammatory myopathies or peripheral arterial occlusive disease. This article reviews the theoretical basics of functional radiological techniques for assessing skeletal muscle perfusion and focuses on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Also, the applications of microvascular imaging, such as in detection of myositis and for discriminating myositis from other myopathies or evaluating peripheral arterial occlusive disease, are presented, and possible clinical indications are discussed. In conclusion, dedicated MR and CEUS methods are now available that visualize and quantify (patho-)physiologic information about microcirculation within skeletal muscles in vivo and hence establish a useful diagnostic tool for muscular diseases.

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Magnetic resonance imaging of muscle disease: A pattern‐based approach

2012

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful tool to assess the severity, distribution, and progression of muscle injury and disease. However, a muscle's response to a pathological insult is limited to only a few patterns on MRI, and findings can be nonspecific. A pattern-based approach is therefore essential to correctly interpret MR studies of abnormal muscle. In this article we review the anatomy, function, and normal MRI appearance of skeletal muscle. We present a classification scheme that categorizes abnormal MR appearances of muscle into 4 main pattern descriptors: (1) distribution; (2) change in size and shape; (3) T1 signal; and (4) T2 signal. Each category is further subdivided into the various patterns seen on MRI. Such an approach allows one to systematically assess abnormal findings on muscle MRI studies and ascertain clues to the diagnosis or differential diagnosis, particularly when findings are correlated with the clinical context.

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MRI in myopathy

Cited by 35 publications

References 60 publications

Muscle ultrasound in neuromuscular disorders

Muscle ultrasound in neuromuscular disorders

Quantitative evaluation of muscle perfusion with CEUS and with MR

Magnetic resonance imaging of muscle disease: A pattern‐based approach

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