1999
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1522-2586(199906)9:6<821::aid-jmri9>3.0.co;2-2
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MRI geometric distortion: A simple approach to correcting the effects of non-linear gradient fields

Abstract: We present a method to correct intensity variations and voxel shifts caused by non-linear gradient fields in Magnetic Resonance Images. The principal sources of distortion are briefly exposed, as well as the methods of correction currently in use. The implication of the gradient fields non-linearities on the signal equations are described in a detailed way for the case of 2D and 3D Fourier imagery. A model of these nonlinearities, derived from the geometry of the gradient coils, is proposed and then applied in… Show more

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Cited by 70 publications
(37 citation statements)
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“…On the other hand, several phantom-based distortioncorrection methods have been reported in the literature. 16,17,[20][21][22] Baldwin et al characterized and corrected distortion using a three-dimensional (3D) grid phantom and elastic-body spline-kernel transformation function. 17 Carmanos et al constructed a DUPLO-based phantom and proposed distortion correction using information characterized by that phantom and spherical harmonic expansion.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the other hand, several phantom-based distortioncorrection methods have been reported in the literature. 16,17,[20][21][22] Baldwin et al characterized and corrected distortion using a three-dimensional (3D) grid phantom and elastic-body spline-kernel transformation function. 17 Carmanos et al constructed a DUPLO-based phantom and proposed distortion correction using information characterized by that phantom and spherical harmonic expansion.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3D images were finally scaled using an affine transformation calibrated on a resolution phantom (data not shown) to partially account for gradient non-linearities 19 that were corrected for the Cartesian sequences, such as the 3D DESS, with the manufacturer provided warping field.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, magnetic inhomogeneities are nonlinear whereas most fusion algorithms are linear. [3554] In addition, fusion between CT and MR images may result in fusion errors that often go undetected. When analyzed in detail, fusion algorithms are found to introduce mean errors of between 1.2 and 1.7 mm; larger errors of close to 4.0 mm may be expected in individual patients.…”
Section: Attention To Detailmentioning
confidence: 99%