MRI findings of extranodal malignant lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck regions

Shiraishi, T; Chikui, Toru; Inadomi, Daisuke; Hashimoto, Minoru; Horio, Chika; Kagawa, Toyohiro; Miwa, Kunihiro; Yuasa, Kenji

doi:10.1007/s11282-015-0219-3

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Of interest, we came out with the result that HNSCC showed statistically significant higher mean ADC value (1.03 ± 0.20 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s) than lymphoma (0.67 ± 0.09 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s). That was close to what Tomoko et al [10] reported in his study, where he stated that mean ADCs were smaller in lymphoma that SCC, using the high b factor of 1000 s/ mm 2 . In addition, Ichikawa et al [13] mentioned that ADC-based differentiation between lymphomas (0.503 ± 0.099 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s) and oropharyngeal carcinomas (0.842 ± 0.164 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s) was possible.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Head and neck malignant lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma discernment, is DWI conclusive?

Anis,

Amer,

Gerges

et al. 2023

Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med

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Background Differentiation between head-and-neck malignant lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma is crucial as their management is radically different, and this retrospective study aims at demonstrating the value of DWI-MRI for their discrimination. Forty-four patients with pathologically proved untreated head-and-neck ML and SCC (22 ML and 22 SCC) were included in the study, and they underwent conventional MRI imaging (T1WI and T2WI) with DW-MRIs at standard and high b-values with corresponding ADC maps which were generated along with a reference of the ADC values taken at the spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid as an internal control. The sensitivity and specificity at the optimum cutoff point as well as the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used for evaluation of diagnostic performance of DW-MRI at b 1000, b 1500, b 2000 s/mm2. Results The mean SCC ADC values were much higher than ML at standard (b 1000) and high b-values (b 1500 and b 2000). ROC curve analysis for the ADC values of SCC and ML at b 1000, b 1500 and b 2000 s/mm2 showed that the ADC cutoff values are > 0.83, > 0.75 and > 0.67 × 10−3 mm2/s, respectively, with diagnostic accuracy 95.5%. Conclusions As to sum up, we can safely say that we can fully rely on DWI MRI in differentiation between HNSCC and ML whether using standard or high b-values, as well as in discrimination of different histological grades of HNSCC as it revealed impressive results, which confer us to do without contrast in such cases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In the current study, we figured out that there was no statistically significant difference between SCC and ML groups in T1WI and T2WI (in conventional imaging) which is equivalent to the study conducted by Tomoko et al [10] who showed that on both T1WI and T2WI, the signal intensities were not specific for ML or SCC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Head and neck malignant lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma discernment, is DWI conclusive?

Anis,

Amer,

Gerges

et al. 2023

Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med

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“…Characteristic imaging findings that indicate ML in the maxilla or the mandible include permeable bone resorption on computed tomography (CT) images, low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for the mass on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [ 7 ], and strong fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET–CT) [ 8 ]. In this study permeable bone resorption on CT was noted in 12/15 patients (80%) who underwent imaging of the maxilla, and 5/12 patients (41.7%) who underwent imaging of the mandible.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical manifestations of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that exhibits initial symptoms in the maxilla and mandible: a single-center retrospective study

et al. 2022

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Background Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphatic tumor; however, extranodal DLBCLs that exhibit initial symptoms in the maxilla and mandible are rare. Moreover, DLBCL is clinically classified as a moderate to highly malignant lymphatic tumor that can progress rapidly; therefore, early diagnosis is crucial. However, diagnosis is difficult as the disease causes a diverse range of clinical symptoms with no characteristic imaging findings. We conducted a clinical investigation to clarify the clinical characteristics of DLBCL that exhibits initial manifestation in the maxilla and mandible. Methods Of the 2748 patients with malignant tumors of the oral and maxillofacial region examined at our hospital during a period of 11 years between January 2006 and December 2016, 27 primary cases diagnosed with DLBCL based on the chief complaint of symptoms in the gingiva and bone of the maxilla and mandible were enrolled in this study. Evaluations were based on sex, age, whether treatment was provided by a previous physician, symptoms, duration of disease until treatment was sought, clinical diagnosis, laboratory findings, and imaging results. Results There were 15 cases that involved the maxilla and 12 that involved the mandible. The median duration of disease until treatment was sought was 60 d (3–450 d). All cases exhibited a tumor or a mass, and hypoesthesia of the chin was confirmed in eight cases wherein the mandible was involved. The clinical stages were stage I in eight cases, stage II in ten cases, and stage IV in nine cases. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were elevated in 13 of 22 patients. The overall survival rate was 63%. Conclusions Symptoms associated with nontender swelling and numbness of the lip or chin in the absence of other findings such as dental infections should raise suspicions about DLBCL. Patients should be provided appropriate imaging and accurate biopsy assessments to improve prognosis.

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“…We also identified six articles from websites, citation searching, and suggestion. After applying the selection criteria, we identified eight articles with 440 patients (441 lesions) for systematic review and meta-analysis (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). The extracted data from the eight studies are outlined in Supplementary Tables 1−3.…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent diffusion coefficient for differentiation between extra-nodal lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Baba,

Kurokawa,

Kurokawa

et al. 2024

Acta Radiol

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Background Radiological differentiation between extra-nodal lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck is often difficult due to their similarities. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic benefit of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculated from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in differentiating the two. Material and Methods A systematic review was performed by searching the MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase databases in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement. Forest plots and the pooled mean difference of ADC values were calculated to describe the relationship between extra-nodal lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Q test and I2 statistic. Results The review identified eight studies with 440 patients (441 lesions) eligible for meta-analysis. Among all studies, the mean ADC values of squamous cell carcinoma was 0.88 × 10–3mm2/s and that of lymphoma was 0.64 × 10–3mm2/s. In the meta-analysis, the ADC value of lymphoma was significantly lower than that of squamous cell carcinoma (pooled mean difference = 0.235, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.168–0.302, P <0.0001). The Cochrane Q test (chi-square = 55.7, P <0.0001) and I2 statistic (I2 = 87.4%, 95% CI = 77.4–93.0%) revealed significant heterogeneity. Conclusion This study highlights the value of quantitative assessment of ADC for objective and reliable differentiation between extra-nodal lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck. Conclusions should be interpreted with caution due to heterogeneity in the study data.

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MRI findings of extranodal malignant lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck regions

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Head and neck malignant lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma discernment, is DWI conclusive?

Head and neck malignant lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma discernment, is DWI conclusive?

Clinical manifestations of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that exhibits initial symptoms in the maxilla and mandible: a single-center retrospective study

Apparent diffusion coefficient for differentiation between extra-nodal lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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