MRI Examination of the Masticatory Muscles in the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus), with Special Reference to the M. temporalis.

Endo, Hideki; Taru, Hajime; Nakamura, Kazue; Yamaya, Yoshiki; Kimura, Junko

doi:10.1292/jvms.61.581

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…There are several reports on the morphological characters of the Japanese wolf, especially with regard to distinguishing Japanese wolf specimens from large domestic dogs (Abe, 2001;Endo et al, 1997Endo et al, , 1999Imaizumi, 1970aImaizumi, , 1970bObara, 1990Obara, , 2002. The Japanese wolf has sometimes been called Yama-Inu, and bone specimens of this animal are stored as a kind of treasure in personal or local governmental collections (Obara and Nakamura, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of the Japanese Wolf (Canis Lupus HodophilaxTemminck, 1839) and Comparison with Representative Wolf and Domestic Dog Haplotypes

Ishiguro¹,

Inoshima²,

Shigehara

2009

Zoological Science

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop control region sequences ranging In length from 583 to 598 bp were determined for eight Japanese wolf specimens (Canis lupus hodophilax Temminck, 1839) collected from several sites and compared with 105 haplotypes from the domestic dog (C. lupus familiaris) and continental grey wolf (C. lupus lupus). Also, a 197-bp mtDNA sequence was amplified from archaeological wolf specimens and two continental wolf specimens (C. lupus chanco) as reference sequences for analysis. The mtDNA haplotypes from the eight Japanese wolf specimens were closely related to each other and grouped in a single lineage with an 88% bootstrap value in a neighbor-Joining analysis. The results provide valuable Information for understanding the taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of the Japanese wolf, which have long been controversial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of the Japanese Wolf (Canis Lupus HodophilaxTemminck, 1839) and Comparison with Representative Wolf and Domestic Dog Haplotypes

Ishiguro¹,

Inoshima²,

Shigehara

2009

Zoological Science

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“…Integration and modularity have also been extensively studied within the skull and even the mandible (Drake and Klingenberg 2010;Meloro et al 2011;Curth et al 2017;Curth 2018;Machado et al 2018;Selba et al 2019). However, the functional impact of this extraordinary variability in shape has received less attention in dogs (but see Ström et al 1988;Endo et al 1999;Koch et al 2003;Ellis et al 2008Ellis et al , 2009. Given that artificial selection can have indirect functional consequences in wild canids such as the red fox (Trut 1999;Trut et al 2009;Dugatkin 2018), and since these selection pressures are strong, the resulting morphological changes may have occurred extremely rapidly (Johnston and Selander 1964;Reznick et al 1997;Hendry and Kinnison 1999;Huey et al 2000;Grant and Grant 2006;Trut et al 2009;Dugatkin 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does Masticatory Muscle Architecture Covary with Mandibular Shape in Domestic Dogs?

et al. 2020

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Despite the considerable scientific interest in the variability and patterns of integration in the dog skull, how these patterns impact or are driven by function remains largely unexplored. Since the mandible is directly involved in mastication, it can be expected to be directly related to the development of the adductor and abductor muscles. Here, we explore whether variation in the architecture and size of the masticatory muscles is associated with the variation in mandibular shape in dogs. We obtained muscle data from the dissection of 48 dogs from different breeds and morphotypes to explore the architecture of the muscles and used 3D geometric morphometric approaches to quantify the shape of the mandible. Covariations between the masticatory muscles and mandibular shape were explored using two-block partial least square analyses (2B-PLS). Our results show there is a strong covariation between mandibular shape and masticatory muscles mass (rPLS from 0.70 to 0.74 for the first axis representing more than 90% of the total covariance) and physiological cross-sectional area (rPLS from 0.64 to 0.73 for the first axis representing more than 80% of the total covariance), irrespective of whether size is taken into account or not. These results suggest muscle size and thus attachment area requirements for individual muscles are likely drivers of mandibular shape. Moreover, mandible shape is likely to be a good predictor of muscle force. Finally, it appears that domestication of dogs has not resulted in a disuse phenotype characterized by a decoupling between form and function.

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“…And we have examined the manipulation mechanism in the carcass of the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) applying the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction methods from the serial section data of CT (Computed Tomography) [3,5]. In these studies we have pointed out that the non-destructive 3D examinations are important for the functional morphology, since we can discuss biomechanically on the action of the locomotor apparatus in animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Image Analysis of a Head of the Giant Panda by the Cone-Beam Type CT.

Endo

Komiya

Narushima

et al. 2002

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The cone-beam type CT (Computed Tomography) enabled us to collect the three-dimensional (3D) digitalized data directly from the animal carcass. In this study, we applied the techniques of the cone-beam type CT for a carcass head of the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) to obtain the 3D images easily without reconstruction process, and could morphologically examine the sections from the 3D data by means of non-destructive observations. The important results of the study represent the two following points. 1) We could show the morphological relationships between the muscles of mastication and the mandible in non-destructive status from the 3D data. The exact position of the coronoid process could be recognized in the rostro-lateral space of the temporal fossa. 2) By the serial sections from the 3D data sets, the morphological characteristics in the nasal cavity were detailed with high resolution in this rare species. The nasal concha was well-developed in the nasal cavity. The ethmoidal labyrinth was encountered immediately caudal t o the nasal cavity and close to the region of the olfactory bulb. The ethmoidal labyrinth consisted of the complicated osseous struct ure in this area. The data will be useful to discuss the olfactory function in the reproduction behavior of this species.

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MRI Examination of the Masticatory Muscles in the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus), with Special Reference to the M. temporalis.

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of the Japanese Wolf (Canis Lupus HodophilaxTemminck, 1839) and Comparison with Representative Wolf and Domestic Dog Haplotypes

Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of the Japanese Wolf (Canis Lupus HodophilaxTemminck, 1839) and Comparison with Representative Wolf and Domestic Dog Haplotypes

How Does Masticatory Muscle Architecture Covary with Mandibular Shape in Domestic Dogs?

Three-Dimensional Image Analysis of a Head of the Giant Panda by the Cone-Beam Type CT.

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