MRI detection of bacterial brain abscesses and monitoring of antibiotic treatment using bacCEST

Liu, Jing; Bai, Ren-Yuan; Li, Yuguo; Staedtke, Verena; Zhang, Shuixing; Zijl, Peter van; Liu, Guanshu

doi:10.1002/mrm.27180

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…This discrepancy might be attributed to the lower resolution of MRS, and the heterogeneous distribution of Glu may lead to its inaccurate detection. In addition, the result was not completely consistent with that of the study of Liu et al, who showed that a broad CEST contrast over a frequency range from 0.5 to 4 ppm, peaking at 2.6 ppm after injection of S. aureus and Clostridium novyi -NT ( C. novyi -NT), respectively ( Liu et al, 2013 , 2018 ). The reason for the difference in the maximum MTR asym value may be due to the fact that the MT or relaxation properties are significantly different in tissues in vivo , which may affect the shape of the Z-spectra ( Stanisz et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…In addition, the Z-spectrum allows intuitive observation of a small peak at a specific frequency of Glu (3.0 ppm) in encephalitis and was not observed in patients with LI, indicating that encephalitis causes a mass increase in Glu and that the Glu concentration caused by LI was too low to be observed. In short, GluCEST imaging can be used to distinguish encephalitis and LI, in a similar manner to the way in which Liu et al (2018) showed that bacCEST MRI permits the differentiation of brain abscesses from glioma tumors. Early detection of the response of a brain abscess to an antibiotic treatment is crucial for treatment planning and adjustment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST) Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pre-clinical and Clinical Applications for Encephalitis

et al. 2020

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Background: Encephalitis is a common central nervous system inflammatory disease that seriously endangers human health owing to the lack of effective diagnostic methods, which leads to a high rate of misdiagnosis and mortality. Glutamate is implicated closely in microglial activation, and activated microglia are key players in encephalitis. Hence, using glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) imaging for the early diagnosis of encephalitis holds promise. Methods: The sensitivity of GluCEST imaging with different concentrations of glutamate and other major metabolites in the brain was validated in phantoms. Twenty-seven Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with encephalitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus infection were used for preclinical research of GluCEST imaging in a 7.0-Tesla scanner. For the clinical study, six patients with encephalitis, six patients with lacunar infarction, and six healthy volunteers underwent GluCEST imaging in a 3.0-Tesla scanner. Results: The number of amine protons on glutamate that had a chemical shift of 3.0 ppm away from bulk water and the signal intensity of GluCEST were concentrationdependent. Under physiological conditions, glutamate is the main contributor to the GluCEST signal. Compared with normal tissue, in both rats and patients with encephalitis, the encephalitis areas demonstrated a hyper-intense GluCEST signal, while the lacunar infarction had a decreased GluCEST signal intensity. After intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, patients with encephalitis lesions showed a decrease in GluCEST signal, and the results were significantly different from the pre-treatment signal (1.34 ± 0.31 vs 5.0 ± 0.27%, respectively; p = 0.000).

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST) Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pre-clinical and Clinical Applications for Encephalitis

et al. 2020

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“…This enables indirect imaging of endogenous molecules containing these mobile protons, such as amides (proteins and peptides), a process which is called amide proton transfer (APT). Several studies have explored the use of different CEST approaches for treatment monitoring in cancer patients such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, oncolytic virus therapy, radiosurgery and antibiotic treatment …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contradiction between amide‐CEST signal and pH in breast cancer explained with metabolic MRI

et al. 2019

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Purpose Metabolic MRI is a noninvasive technique that can give new insights into understanding cancer metabolism and finding biomarkers to evaluate or monitor treatment plans. Using this technique, a previous study has shown an increase in pH during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) treatment, while recent observation in a different study showed a reduced amide proton transfer (APT) signal during NAC treatment (negative relation). These findings are counterintuitive, given the known intrinsic positive relation of APT signal to pH. Methods In this study we combined APT MRI and 31P‐MRSI measurements to unravel the relation between the APT signal and pH in breast cancer. Twenty‐two breast cancer patients were scanned with a 7 T MRI before and after the first cycle of NAC treatment. pH was determined by the chemical shift of inorganic phosphate (Pi). Results While APT signals have a positive relation to pH and amide content, we observed a direct negative linear correlation between APT signals and pH in breast tumors in vivo. Conclusions As differentiation of cancer stages was confirmed by observation of a linear correlation between cell proliferation marker PE/Pi (phosphoethanolamine over inorganic phosphate) and pH in the tumor, our data demonstrates that the concentration of mobile proteins likely supersedes the contribution of the exchange rate to the APT signal.

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“…Using noninvasive imaging such as MRI to locate bacteria during the early stages of infection has the potential to reduce bacterial resistance and minimize organ damage to the host. Conventional MRI-based imaging has also been used to visualize S. aureus infections in endocarditis,48 osteomyelitis,49 and soft tissue infection models 50,51. Generally, these models detect inflammation rather than the causative agent of an infection.…”

Section: Pathogenic Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Recent advances in the treatment of pathogenic infections using antibiotics and nano-drug delivery vehicles</p>

Giau

Hulme

2019

DDDT

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The worldwide misuse of antibiotics and the subsequent rise of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria have prompted a paradigm shift in the established view of antibiotic and bacterial-human relations. The clinical failures of conventional antibiotic therapies are associated with lengthy detection methods, poor penetration at infection sites, disruption of indigenous microflora and high potential for mutational resistance. One of the most promising strategies to improve the efficacy of antibiotics is to complex them with micro or nano delivery materials. Such materials/vehicles can shield antibiotics from enzyme deactivation, increasing the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug. Alternatively, drug-free nanomaterials that do not kill the pathogen but target virulent factors such as adhesins, toxins, or secretory systems can be used to minimize resistance and infection severity. The main objective of this review is to examine the potential of the aforementioned materials in the detection and treatment of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic organisms.

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MRI detection of bacterial brain abscesses and monitoring of antibiotic treatment using bacCEST

Abstract: BacCEST MRI provides a new imaging method to detect, discriminate, and monitor bacterial infection in deep-seated organs. Because no contrast agent is needed, such an approach has a great translational potential for detecting and monitoring bacterial infection in deep-seated organs.

Cited by 26 publications

References 55 publications

Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST) Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pre-clinical and Clinical Applications for Encephalitis

Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST) Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pre-clinical and Clinical Applications for Encephalitis

Contradiction between amide‐CEST signal and pH in breast cancer explained with metabolic MRI

<p>Recent advances in the treatment of pathogenic infections using antibiotics and nano-drug delivery vehicles</p>

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