MR spectroscopy for assessing the effects of oxytocin on marrow adipogenesis induced by glucocorticoid in rabbits

Li, Baoqing; Jiang, Yuqing; Sun, Jinlei; Liang, Jie; Jin, Yulian

doi:10.1177/0284185115599804

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, haploinsufficient oxytocin or OXTR null mice develop osteopenia, while milk let-down remains normal, indicating that the bone is even more sensitive to fluctuation in OXT levels, then lactation [167]. In rabbits, oxytocin was shown to reverse glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis [173] and in mice, to prevent the ovariectomy-induced bone loss [174], [175]. Daily, subcutaneous injections of oxytocin for 8 weeks improved bone microarchitecture and biomechanical strength, while reducing bone marrow adiposity in female, ovariectomized mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain to bone: What is the contribution of the brain to skeletal homeostasis?

Idelevich

Baron

2018

Bone

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The brain, which governs most, if not all, physiological functions in the body, from the complexities of cognition, learning and memory, to the regulation of basal body temperature, heart rate and breathing, has long been known to affect skeletal health. In particular, the hypothalamus - located at the base of the brain in close proximity to the medial eminence, where the blood-brain-barrier is not as tight as in other regions of the brain but rather "leaky", due to fenestrated capillaries - is exposed to a variety of circulating body cues, such as nutrients (glucose, fatty acids, amino acids), and hormones (insulin, glucagon, leptin, adiponectin) [1-3].Information collected from the body via these peripheral cues is integrated by hypothalamic sensing neurons and glial cells [4-7], which express receptors for these nutrients and hormones, transforming these cues into physiological outputs. Interestingly, many of the same molecules, including leptin, adiponectin and insulin, regulate both energy and skeletal homeostasis. Moreover, they act on a common set of hypothalamic nuclei and their residing neurons, activating endocrine and neuronal systems, which ultimately fine-tune the body to new physiological states. This review will focus exclusively on the brain-to-bone pathway, highlighting the most important anatomical sites within the brain, which are known to affect bone, but not covering the input pathways and molecules informing the brain of the energy and bone metabolic status, covered elsewhere [8-10]. The discussion in each section will present side by side the metabolic and bone-related functions of hypothalamic nuclei, in an attempt to answer some of the long-standing questions of whether energy is affected by bone remodeling and homeostasis and vice versa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain to bone: What is the contribution of the brain to skeletal homeostasis?

Idelevich

Baron

2018

Bone

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“…OT treatment, intraperitoneal injection, induced a decreased food intake and body weight in diet induced obese rats [108]. Interestingly, OT beneficial effects on body weight reduction can be observed in mice and rat but also in other animal models such as rabbits as OT treatment was sufficient to eliminate glucocorticoid-induced marrow adiposity [109].…”

Section: In Vivo Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Control of bone and fat mass by oxytocin

Amri

Pisani

2016

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

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Osteoporosis and overweight/obesity constitute major worldwide public health burdens. Aging is associated with a decrease in hormonal secretion, lean mass and bone mass, and an increase in fat accumulation. It is established that both obesity and osteoporosis are affected by genetic and environmental factors, bone remodeling and adiposity are both regulated through the hypothalamus and sympathetic nervous system. Oxytocin (OT), belongs to the pituitary hormone family and regulates the function of peripheral target organs, its circulating levels decreased with age. Nowadays, it is well established that OT plays an important role in the control of bone and fat mass and their metabolism. Of note, OT and oxytocin receptor knock out mice develop bone defects and late-onset obesity. Thus OT emerges as a promising molecule in the treatment of osteoporosis and obesity as well as associated metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we will discuss findings regarding the OT effects on bone and fat mass.

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“…In addition to FSH and TSH, there is also a strong and well-documented relationship between OXT and body composition. Injection of OXT reduced body weight in mice fed both on high-fat diet or normal chow, body fat in ovariectomized mice, and bone marrow fat in glucocorticoid-treated rabbits (Beranger et al 2014; Li, et al 2016; Maejima, et al 2017; Qiu et al 2015). Reduced OXT expression, in contrast, underscores hyperphagic obesity of single-minded 1 (Sim1) haploinsufficient mice, which are also cured upon OXT injection (Tolson, et al 2010).…”

Section: Pituitary Hormones and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actions of pituitary hormones beyond traditional targets

Zaidi

New

Blair

et al. 2018

Journal of Endocrinology

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Studies over the past decade have challenged the long-held belief that pituitary hormones have singular functions in regulating specific target tissues, including master hormone secretion. Our discovery of the action of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) on bone provided the first glimpse into the non-traditional functions of pituitary hormones. Here we discuss evolving experimental and clinical evidence that growth hormone (GH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), prolactin, oxytocin and arginine vasopressin (AVP) regulate bone and other target tissues, such as fat. Notably, genetic and pharmacologic FSH suppression increases bone mass and reduces body fat, laying the framework for targeting the FSH axis for treating obesity and osteoporosis simultaneously with a single agent. Certain 'pituitary' hormones, such as TSH and oxytocin, are also expressed in bone cells, providing local paracrine and autocrine networks for the regulation of bone mass. Overall, the continuing identification of new roles for pituitary hormones in biology provides an entirely new layer of physiologic circuitry, while unmasking new therapeutic targets.

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MR spectroscopy for assessing the effects of oxytocin on marrow adipogenesis induced by glucocorticoid in rabbits

Abstract: Early OT treatment was sufficient to eliminate glucocorticoid-induced marrow adiposity.

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Brain to bone: What is the contribution of the brain to skeletal homeostasis?

Brain to bone: What is the contribution of the brain to skeletal homeostasis?

Control of bone and fat mass by oxytocin

Actions of pituitary hormones beyond traditional targets

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