MR Ratio Enhancement by NOL Current-Confined-Path Structures in CPP Spin Valves

Fukuzawa, H.; Yuasa, Hiromi; Hashimoto, S.; Koi, K.; Iwasaki, H.; Takagishi, M.; Tanaka, Y.; Sahashi, M.

doi:10.1109/tmag.2004.829185

Cited by 106 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We have reported that the purer CCPs with lower resistivity can realize a higher MR ratio, 5-7 and we have confirmed the evidence that the samples having a larger MR ratio have purer CCP than the samples having a smaller MR ratio, which was analyzed by atom probe tomography ͑APT͒. 9 However, although the samples with the better MR ratio had the purer Cu of the CCP-NOL, its value was far from the ideal bulk Cu, 10 which was confirmed both by fitting experimental data to a theoretical model 5,6 and APT analyses. 9 The imperfect purity of Cu is considered to be due to the formation process of the CCP-NOL in which the ionassisted oxidation ͑IAO͒ process 11 was applied just after the metallic AlCu deposition.…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

“…On the other hand, CPP-GMR films with a currentconfined-path nano-oxide-layer ͑CCP-NOL͒ spacer layer can realize MR enhancement, [5][6][7] and STIN is smaller than that for CPP-GMR films with a metallic spacer 8 without using any thick seed layer. We have reported that the purer CCPs with lower resistivity can realize a higher MR ratio, 5-7 and we have confirmed the evidence that the samples having a larger MR ratio have purer CCP than the samples having a smaller MR ratio, which was analyzed by atom probe tomography ͑APT͒.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…During the IAO process, Al in the AlCu layer was oxidized to Al 2 O 3 , and Cu in the AlCu layer was left unoxidized to form metallic paths ͑CCPs͒. This basic formation process was the same as that employed previously 5 except for using the HIT process as explained below. After the CCP-NOL formation processes, the remaining layers were deposited.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other experimental conditions are described in the literature. [5][6][7] In order to confirm the hydrogen reduction, we carried out x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ͑XPS͒ analysis for uniform Cu film intentionally oxidized. In this experiment, it was confirmed that CuO x was completely reduced to Cu by HIT process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of magnetoresistance by hydrogen ion treatment for current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistive films with a current-confined-path nano-oxide layer

Yuasa

Hara

Murakami

et al. 2010

Applied Physics Letters

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We have enhanced magnetoresistance ͑MR͒ for current-perpendicular-to-plane giantmagnetoresistive ͑CPP-GMR͒ films with a current-confined-path nano-oxide layer ͑CCP-NOL͒. In order to realize higher purity in Cu for CCPs, hydrogen ion treatment ͑HIT͒ was applied as the CuO x reduction process. By applying the HIT process, an MR ratio was increased to 27.4% even in the case of using conventional FeCo magnetic layer, from 13.0% for a reference without the HIT process. Atom probe tomography data confirmed oxygen reduction by the HIT process in the CCP-NOL. The relationship between oxygen counts and MR ratio indicates that further oxygen reduction would realize an MR ratio greater than 50%.

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supporting

confidence: 77%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of magnetoresistance by hydrogen ion treatment for current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistive films with a current-confined-path nano-oxide layer

Yuasa

Hara

Murakami

et al. 2010

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Copper nanoclusters have been studied due to its potential applications in optics, magneto-electronics and catalyst systems [26][27][28] . Silicon carbide provides a structurally and chemically stable support for such nanoclusters due to its stability against copper 29 .…”

Section: Cu Nanoclustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft x-ray spectroscopy study of nanoscale materials

Guo

2005

Physical Chemistry of Interfaces and Nanomaterials IV

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The ability to control the particle size and morphology of nanoparticles is of crucial importance nowadays both from a fundamental and industrial point of view considering the tremendous amount of high-tech applications. Controlling the crystallographic structure and the arrangement of atoms along the surface of nanostructured material will determine most of its physical properties. In general, electronic structure ultimately determines the properties of matter. Soft X-ray spectroscopy has some basic features that are important to consider. X-ray is originating from an electronic transition between a localized core state and a valence state. As a core state is involved, elemental selectivity is obtained because the core levels of different elements are well separated in energy, meaning that the involvement of the inner level makes this probe localized to one specific atomic site around which the electronic structure is reflected as a partial density-ofstates contribution. The participation of valence electrons gives the method chemical state sensitivity and further, the dipole nature of the transitions gives particular symmetry information. The new generation synchrotron radiation sources producing intensive tunable monochromatized soft X-ray beams have opened up new possibilities for soft X-ray spectroscopy. The introduction of selectively excited soft X-ray emission has opened a new field of study by disclosing many new possibilities of soft X-ray resonant inelastic scattering. In this paper, some recent findings regarding soft Xray absorption and emission studies of various nanostructured systems are presented.

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Hall Effect and Magnetoresistive Sensors

Brauer

2006

Magnetic Actuators and Sensors

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MR Ratio Enhancement by NOL Current-Confined-Path Structures in CPP Spin Valves

Cited by 106 publications

References 8 publications

Enhancement of magnetoresistance by hydrogen ion treatment for current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistive films with a current-confined-path nano-oxide layer

Enhancement of magnetoresistance by hydrogen ion treatment for current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistive films with a current-confined-path nano-oxide layer

Soft x-ray spectroscopy study of nanoscale materials

Hall Effect and Magnetoresistive Sensors

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