MR Imaging with Hyperpolarized <sup>3</sup>He Gas

Middleton, H.; Black, Robert D.; Saam, B.; Cates, G. D.; Cofer, Gary P.; Guenther, Robert D.; Happer, W.; Hedlund, Laurence W.; Johnson, G. Allan; Juvan, Kim; Swartz, J. C.

doi:10.1002/mrm.1910330219

Cited by 351 publications

(287 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

282

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…More recently, functional lung imaging has been performed using positron emission tomography (PET) (7,9 -11), and hyperpolarized gas MRI (HP MRI) (12)(13)(14)(15); techniques capable of providing three dimensional (3D) regional information and quantitative or semiquantitative measures of ventilation and perfusion. These new techniques are rapidly expanding the field of functional lung imaging for improved diagnosis and noninvasive monitoring of disease progression-in some cases with the necessary sensitivity to track an individual patient's response to therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional lung imaging using hyperpolarized gas MRI

Fain

Korosec

Holmes

et al. 2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

177

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The noninvasive assessment of lung function using imaging is increasingly of interest for the study of lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Hyperpolarized gas MRI (HP MRI) has demonstrated the ability to detect changes in ventilation, perfusion, and lung microstructure that appear to be associated with both normal lung development and disease progression. The physical characteristics of HP gases and their application to MRI are presented with an emphasis on current applications. Clinical investigations using HP MRI to study asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis, pediatric chronic lung disease, and lung transplant are reviewed. Recent advances in polarization, pulse sequence development for imaging with Xe-129, and prototype low magnetic field systems dedicated to lung imaging are highlighted as areas of future development for this rapidly evolving technology.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional lung imaging using hyperpolarized gas MRI

Fain

Korosec

Holmes

et al. 2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

177

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent years MRI of inhaled hyperpolarized gases ( 3 He and 129 Xe) has shown much clinical promise in both static (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) and dynamic (6 -11) imaging of the lungs and airways. Through laser optical pumping techniques (12,13), levels of ensemble nuclear spin polarization up to 10 5 times greater than those attainable at thermal equilibrium at common imaging field strengths can be reached.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

k‐Space filtering in 2D gradient‐echo breath‐hold hyperpolarized ³He MRI: Spatial resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio considerations

Wild

Paley

Viallon

et al. 2002

Magnetic Resonance in Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work some of the factors that can influence the signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution in MR images of inhaled hyperpolarized gases are systematically addressed. In particular, the effects of RF depletion of longitudinal polarization and image gradient diffusion dephasing were assessed in terms of their contribution to a k-space filter. By means of theoretical simulations and a novel method of experimental validation using a variable transverse magnetization of the 1 H signal, systematic quantitative and qualitative investigations of the effects of k-space filtering intrinsic to imaging of hyperpolarized gas were made. A 2D gradient-echo image is considered for a range of flip angles with centric, sequential, and half-Fourier Cartesian phase-encoding strategies, and the results are assessed in terms of SNR and spatial resolution in the reconstructed images. Centric phase encoding was found to give the best SNR at higher flip angles, with a trade-off in spatial resolution compared to sequential phase encoding. A half-Fourier approach potentially offers increased SNR through the use of higher flip angles without compromising the spatial resolution, which is comparable to that achieved with sequential encoding. Magn Reson Med 47:687-695, 2002.

show abstract

“…Recently, assessment of regional lung ventilation using hyperpolarized noble gas has emerged as an imaging technique for evaluating patients with lung disease, such as tumor, emphysema, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, and asthma (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Compared to O 2 -enhanced lung MRI (25,26), which has the advantage of needing no special equipment, 3 He MRI provides high SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), with image intensity directly proportional to the local concentration of inhaled 3 He.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined MR proton lung perfusion/angiography and helium ventilation: Potential for detecting pulmonary emboli and ventilation defects

Zheng

Leawoods

Nolte

et al. 2002

Magnetic Resonance in Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three-dimensional (3D) perfusion imaging allows the assessment of pulmonary blood flow in parenchyma and main pulmonary arteries simultaneously. MRI using laser-polarized 3 He gas clearly shows the ventilation distribution with high signal-tonoise ratio (SNR). In this report, the feasibility of combined lung MR angiography, perfusion, and ventilation imaging is demonstrated in a porcine model. Ultrafast gradient-echo sequences have been used for 3D perfusion and angiographic imaging, in conjunction with the use of contrast agent injections. 2D multiple-section 3 He imaging was performed subsequently by inhalation of 450 ml of hyperpolarized 3 He gas. The MR techniques were examined in a series of porcine models with externally delivered pulmonary emboli and/or airway occlusions. The development of high-speed gradient systems and fast imaging methods has permitted ultrafast contrast-enhanced lung perfusion imaging with subsecond temporal resolution and millimeter spatial resolution (1-8). Imaging of the lung parenchyma suffers from low proton density, physiological motion (cardiac and respiratory motion adjacent to the lung), and short T* 2 from local magnetic field inhomogeneity due to multiple interfaces of air and soft tissues (3,9 -12); significantly reduced times TR and TE in the gradient-echo sequence allow dramatically improved SNR. Recently, bolus injection of gadolinium contrast agent in conjunction with an ultrafast 3D gradient-echo sequence has demonstrated volumetric lung parenchymal perfusion images with 2-3 sec temporal resolution (7). This technique allows simultaneous evaluation of lung perfusion and flow in the major pulmonary vasculature. On the other hand, submillimeter high-spatial-resolution pulmonary angiography has been achieved with bolus administration of gadolinium contrast agent and first-pass MR data acquisition during the arterial phase of the contrast agent (13-15). This contrast-enhanced pulmonary angiography shows high SNR and can depict pulmonary arteries beyond the subsegmental branches. Integration of perfusion and angiography may allow better evaluation of parenchymal blood flow states and vasculature involvement; this is particularly interesting when pulmonary emboli are studied (10,16).The ability of MR to image the lung air space is important for the diagnosis of a variety of pulmonary ventilation abnormalities. Recently, assessment of regional lung ventilation using hyperpolarized noble gas has emerged as an imaging technique for evaluating patients with lung disease, such as tumor, emphysema, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, and asthma (17-24). Compared to O 2 -enhanced lung MRI (25,26), which has the advantage of needing no special equipment, 3 He MRI provides high SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), with image intensity directly proportional to the local concentration of inhaled 3 He. It has long been recognized that both pulmonary perfusion and ventilation images are needed to identify and distinguish certain lung diseases. For example, mismatched and matched perfusi...

show abstract

MR Imaging with Hyperpolarized ³He Gas

Cited by 351 publications

References 23 publications

Functional lung imaging using hyperpolarized gas MRI

Functional lung imaging using hyperpolarized gas MRI

k‐Space filtering in 2D gradient‐echo breath‐hold hyperpolarized ³He MRI: Spatial resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio considerations

Combined MR proton lung perfusion/angiography and helium ventilation: Potential for detecting pulmonary emboli and ventilation defects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

MR Imaging with Hyperpolarized 3He Gas

Cited by 351 publications

References 23 publications

Functional lung imaging using hyperpolarized gas MRI

Functional lung imaging using hyperpolarized gas MRI

k‐Space filtering in 2D gradient‐echo breath‐hold hyperpolarized 3He MRI: Spatial resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio considerations

Combined MR proton lung perfusion/angiography and helium ventilation: Potential for detecting pulmonary emboli and ventilation defects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

MR Imaging with Hyperpolarized ³He Gas

k‐Space filtering in 2D gradient‐echo breath‐hold hyperpolarized ³He MRI: Spatial resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio considerations