MR Angiography, MR Imaging and Proton MR Spectroscopy In-Vivo Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Ischemia in Diabetic Rats

Pizzi, Stefano Delli; Madonna, Rosalinda; Caulo, Massimo; Romani, Gian Luca; Caterina, Raffaele De; Tartaro, Armando

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044752

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…After autophasing, baseline and frequency shifts correction, a priori knowledge database (N-acetyl aspartate = NAA, 2.02 ppm; total creatine = tCr, 3.03 ppm) was created to put constraints on the Advanced Magnetic Resonance (AMARES) fitting algorithm within the jMRUI package. Using the PRESS sequence, the water signal was quantified to use it as internal reference standard to calculated the absolute tCr quantification (Christiansen et al, 1993;Delli Pizzi et al, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016). Peak shifts were restricted to ±5 ppm of the theoretical location.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GABA levels in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex during the viewing of appetitive and disgusting food images

et al. 2016

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Characterizing how the brain appraises the psychological dimensions of reward is one of the central topics of neuroscience. It has become clear that dopamine neurons are implicated in the transmission of both rewarding information and aversive and alerting events through two different neuronal populations involved in encoding the motivational value and the motivational salience of stimuli, respectively. Nonetheless, there is less agreement on the role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the related neurotransmitter release during the processing of biologically relevant stimuli. To address this issue, we employed magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), a non-invasive methodology that allows detection of some metabolites in the human brain in vivo, in order to assess the role of the vmPFC in encoding stimulus value rather than stimulus salience. Specifically, we measured gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA) and, with control purposes, Glx levels in healthy subjects during the observation of appetitive and disgusting food images. We observed a decrease of GABA and no changes in Glx concentration in the vmPFC in both conditions. Furthermore, a comparatively smaller GABA reduction during the observation of appetitive food images than during the observation of disgusting food images was positively correlated with the scores obtained to the body image concerns sub-scale of Body Uneasiness Test (BUT). These results are consistent with the idea that the vmPFC plays a crucial role in processing both rewarding and aversive stimuli, possibly by encoding stimulus salience through glutamatergic and/or noradrenergic projections to deeper mesencephalic and limbic areas.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GABA levels in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex during the viewing of appetitive and disgusting food images

et al. 2016

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“…For applicability to the clinical practice and because several 1 H-MRS studies report stable tCr levels in dementias ( Valenzuela and Sachdev 2001 ; Dedeoglu et al 2004 ; Chao et al 2005 ; Kantarci 2013 ), we expressed NAA and tCho relatively to tCr. By using spectra without water suppression, we calculated the area of the water peak and we used it as an internal reference standard for absolute tCr quantification ( Christiansen et al 1993 ; Delli Pizzi et al 2012 , 2013 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thalamic Involvement in Fluctuating Cognition in Dementia with Lewy Bodies: Magnetic Resonance Evidences

et al. 2014

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Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is characterized by fluctuation in cognition and attention. Thalamocortical connectivity and integrity of thalami are central to attentional function. We hypothesize that DLB patients with marked and frequent fluctuating cognition (flCog) have a loss of thalamocortical connectivity, an intrinsic disruption to thalamic structure and imbalances in thalamic neurotransmitter levels. To test this, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and proton MR spectroscopy on thalami were performed on 16 DLB, 16 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 13 healthy subjects. MRI and DTI were combined to subdivide thalami according to their cortical connectivity and to investigate microstructural changes in connectivity-defined thalamic regions. Compared with controls, lower N-acetyl-aspartate/total creatine (NAA/tCr) and higher total choline/total creatine (tCho/tCr) values were observed within thalami of DLB patients. tCho/tCr increase was found within right thalamus of DLB patients as compared with AD. This increase correlated with severity and frequency of flCog. As compared with controls, DLB patients showed bilateral damage within thalamic regions projecting to prefrontal and parieto-occipital cortices, whereas AD patients showed bilateral alteration within thalamic region projecting to temporal cortex. We posit that microstructural thalamic damage and cholinergic imbalance may be central to the etiology of flCog in DLB.

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“…Peak shifts were restricted to ±5 ppm of the theoretical location. From each unsuppressed spectra, the area of the water peak was calculated by the same protocol to establish a reference signal to use as an internal standard [22]–[23]. All non-water signals were removed from the unsuppressed free-induction decays by using the HLSVD method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Metabolic Changes in the Nigro-Striatal Pathway of Synthetic Proteasome Inhibitor (PSI)-Treated Rats: A MRI and MRS Study

Pizzi

Rossi

Matteo³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Systemic administration of a Synthetic Proteasome Inihibitor (PSI) in rats has been described as able to provide a model of Parkinson’s disease (PD), characterized by behavioral and biochemical modifications, including loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), as assessed by post-mortem studies. With the present study we aimed to assess in-vivo by Magnetic Resonance (MR) possible morphological and metabolic changes in the nigro-striatal pathway of PSI-treated rats. 10 animals were subcutaneously injected with PSI 6.0 mg/kg dissolved in DMSO 100%. Injections were made thrice weekly over the course of two weeks. 5 more animals injected with DMSO 100% with the same protocol served as controls. The animals underwent MR sessions before and at four weeks after the end of treatment with either PSI or vehicle. MR Imaging was performed to measure SN volume and Proton MR Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was performed to measure metabolites changes at the striatum. Animals were also assessed for motor function at baseline and at 4 and 6 weeks after treatment. Dopamine and dopamine metabolite levels were measured in the striata at 6 weeks after treatment. PSI-treated animals showed volumetric reduction of the SN (p<0.02) at 4 weeks after treatment as compared to baseline. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed MRI changes in SN showing a reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase expression as compared to neuron-specific enolase expression. A reduction of N-acetyl-aspartate/total creatine ratio (p = 0.05) and an increase of glutamate-glutamine-γ amminobutirrate/total creatine were found at spectroscopy (p = 0.03). At 6 weeks after treatment, PSI-treated rats also showed motor dysfunction compared to baseline (p = 0.02), accompanied by dopamine level reduction in the striatum (p = 0.02). Treatment with PSI produced morphological and metabolic modifications of the nigro-striatal pathway, accompanied by motor dysfunction. MR demonstrated to be a powerful mean to assess in-vivo the nigro-striatal pathway morphology and metabolism in the PSI-based PD animal model.

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MR Angiography, MR Imaging and Proton MR Spectroscopy In-Vivo Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Ischemia in Diabetic Rats

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

GABA levels in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex during the viewing of appetitive and disgusting food images

GABA levels in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex during the viewing of appetitive and disgusting food images

Thalamic Involvement in Fluctuating Cognition in Dementia with Lewy Bodies: Magnetic Resonance Evidences

Morphological and Metabolic Changes in the Nigro-Striatal Pathway of Synthetic Proteasome Inhibitor (PSI)-Treated Rats: A MRI and MRS Study

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