“…The comparisons between of the proposed MPSO algorithm and eight PSO algorithms are implemented using the generalized Rastrigin's benchmark function (a multimodal function). The previous eight algorithms include the standard particle swarm optimization (SPSO), quadratic interpolation PSO (QIPSO), unified PSO (UPSO), fully informed particle swarm (FIPS), dynamic multi-swarm PSO (DMSPSO), comprehensive learning PSO (CLPSO), adaptive fuzzy PSO (AFPSO), and adaptive fuzzy PSO with quadratic interpolation (AFPSO-QI) (see Juang, Yau-Tarng, Tung et al, 2011 andBeheshti, Z., Shamsuddin, S., Hasan, S., 2013 ). Figure 10 shows the number of iterations vs the function value for the proposed and MPSO algorithm and two other algorithms (AFPSO-QI and AFPSO).…”