Moxifloxacin: update and perspectives after 8 years of usage

Lode, H.; Schmidt-Ioanas, Malina

doi:10.1586/17476348.2.4.443

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…120 This has been introduced as an amendment by the EMA in the European SPC, 121 but such fatal cases should be seen in the context of 85 million treatments with moxifloxacin worldwide at that time. 122 The current, revised SPC mentions elevation of transaminases as being common, hepatic alteration uncommon, and icterus and hepatitis rare. Moxifloxacin is not included in the list of drugs identified in at least five adjudicated cases of DILI.…”

Section: Fluoroquinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic safety of antibiotics used in primary care

Andrade

Tulkens

2011

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

169

138

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Antibiotics used by general practitioners frequently appear in adverse-event reports of drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Most cases are idiosyncratic (the adverse reaction cannot be predicted from the drug's pharmacological profile or from pre-clinical toxicology tests) and occur via an immunological reaction or in response to the presence of hepatotoxic metabolites. With the exception of trovafloxacin and telithromycin (now severely restricted), hepatotoxicity crude incidence remains globally low but variable. Thus, amoxicillin/clavulanate and co-trimoxazole, as well as flucloxacillin, cause hepatotoxic reactions at rates that make them visible in general practice (cases are often isolated, may have a delayed onset, sometimes appear only after cessation of therapy and can produce an array of hepatic lesions that mirror hepatobiliary disease, making causality often difficult to establish). Conversely, hepatotoxic reactions related to macrolides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones (in that order, from high to low) are much rarer, and are identifiable only through large-scale studies or worldwide pharmacovigilance reporting. For antibiotics specifically used for tuberculosis, adverse effects range from asymptomatic increases in liver enzymes to acute hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure. Yet, it is difficult to single out individual drugs, as treatment always entails associations. Patients at risk are mainly those with previous experience of hepatotoxic reaction to antibiotics, the aged or those with impaired hepatic function in the absence of close monitoring, making it important to carefully balance potential risks with expected benefits in primary care. Pharmacogenetic testing using the new genome-wide association studies approach holds promise for better understanding the mechanism(s) underlying hepatotoxicity.

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Section: Fluoroquinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic safety of antibiotics used in primary care

Andrade

Tulkens

2011

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

169

138

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“…Fourth generation fluoroquinolone 12 To maintain the topology and function of the DNA molecule topoisomerase enzyme is required by bacterial chromosomes. Only two bacterial topoisomerases are relevant to fluoroquinolones, DNA gyrase and topoisomerases IV whereas there are four bacterial topoisomerases.…”

Section: Moxifloxacinmentioning

confidence: 99%

An In-Depth Analysis of Covid-19 Medications and Vaccination with A Focus on Side Effects

Banerjee,

Ghosh,

Paul

et al. 2023

Natl J Community Med

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Background: A pandemic threat to public health has been posed by the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. To deal with the severe situation caused by this outbreak, medications were used, but we weren't thinking about the potential negative effects. This review sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various medications in COVID-19 patients, as well as the present state of medications and their adverse effects. Methods: Several literature and databases were searched and analysed properly from 2020 to 2022 to find the relevant databases on the usage of proper medications. Results: During COVID-19, many antivirals, antibiotics, and conventional drug therapy were in high demand. Many antivirals, including Remdesivir and Ritonavir, were tried, but they had a number of adverse effects, including hypokalaemia, headaches, and nausea. Another issue with the use of drugs in this pandemic is antibiotic resistance. Since vaccines are relatively new, adverse symptoms like fever, discomfort, chills, tiredness, nausea/vomiting, headache, and insomnia have so far been reported. Conclusion: This analysis outlines a progressive change in the medical community, where simple treatment procedures have shown to be more successful than those using many drugs, producing better patient results. This indicates a shift in medical practice toward more simplified and effective modes of care.

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“…Bu grupta yer alan kinolonlar bir önce kuşaktakilere kı-yasla Gram-pozitif bakterilere karşı etkinlik kazanmış olup yeni endikasyonlarda kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu endikasyonlar; deri ve yumuşak doku enfeksiyonları, toplum kaynaklı pnömo-niler, komplike intra-abdominal enfeksiyonlar, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalılarının akut alevlenmeleri ve akut sinüzittir [20]. Moksifloksasin yukarıda anlatılan özellikle Gram-pozitif bakterilere bağlı gelişen enfeksiyonlar da dahil olmak üzere geniş bir etki spektrumuna sahip olup dördüncü kuşak kinolonlardan ilk onay olan antibakteriyeldir.…”

Section: Kinolon Grubu Yeni Antibiyotiklerunclassified

New Antibiotics in Development Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Yılmaz¹

2013

Ann Clin Anal Med

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ÖzetAntimikrobiyal ajanlara hızla direnç gelişimi, çeşitli enfeksiyonların tedavisinde yeni antimikrobiyal ajanların ve yeni etki mekanizmalarının araştırılması-na neden olmuştur. Metisiline dirençli Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vankomisine dirençli enterokoklar (VRE), genişlemiş spektrumlu beta laktamaz (GSBL) oluşturan Escherichia coli ve Klebsiella spp. ile çoklu ilaç direnci gös-teren Acinetobacter baumannii ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa suşları yeni antibakteriyellerin en önemli hedefleridir. Son on yıl içerisinde yeni antibakteriyel ajan geliştirme hızı çarpıcı şekilde düşmektedir. Direnç gelişiminin önüne geçebilmek için doğru antibiyotik kullanımı temel ilke olmalıdır. Bunun yanın-da, her ne kadar yeni antibiyotikler önemli olsa da asıl amaç istenmeyen etkileri ve ilaç etkileşimlerini en aza indirmek için yeni hedeflerin saptanması, yeni mekanizmaların belirlenmesi ve bunlara yönelik yeni antibiyotiklerin geliştirilmesi olmalıdır. Anahtar Kelimeler Antibiyotik; Antimikrobiyal Direnç AbstractThe rapid development of resistance to antimicrobial agents caused to investigate new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of various infections and new antibiotic effect mechanisms. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp., multidrug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most important targets for new antibacterial. Development speed of new antibacterial agents decreased dramatically in the last ten years. Correct use of antibiotics should be the basic principle to avoid the development of resistance. In addition, although the development of new antibiotics is so important, the main purpose should be determining the new targets in order to minimize undesired effects and drug interactions, detecting new antibiotics effect mechanisms and developing new antibiotics for these purposes.

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Moxifloxacin: update and perspectives after 8 years of usage

Cited by 8 publications

References 67 publications

Hepatic safety of antibiotics used in primary care

Hepatic safety of antibiotics used in primary care

An In-Depth Analysis of Covid-19 Medications and Vaccination with A Focus on Side Effects

New Antibiotics in Development Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

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